NS4540 Winter Term 2019 Citizen Expectations -- 2017 Oxford Analytica, Latin America: Citizen Hopes will Challenge Leaders, October 30, 2017

Overview I Citizen satisfaction in Latin America Results from Ipsos 2017 Global Trends Survey Incorporates results from four Latin American countries Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru Comparisons made with developed and “other” developing countries – the “other” developing include China, Russia India Indonesia and South Africa

Overview II The Latin American states are shown to be Progressive Globally oriented, and Optimistic about the future However populations are pervasively frustrated with Politicians Political systems, and Public services

Services and Security I Survey involved 18,000 interviews conducted in 23 countries Regarding perceptions of the economy and economic performance, Latin American’s most dissatisfied with their standard of living Only 29% satisfaction in contrast to 42% in developed countries 43% in “other” countries 40% global average

Services and Security II In other areas – quality of public services Only 14% in Latin America were satisfied with the quality of public services – this is below 30% global average, 35% in “other developing countries. Trust in public health particularly low in Latin America at 37% compared with 55% developing and 52% in others aaa37% -- compared with 55% in developed countries and 52% in “others”

Services and Security III However quality of health care varied across countries with good reaching 45% in Argentina 24% Brazil 21% Mexico and 19% Peru Latin Americans also have elevated security concerns 90% agreed with statement that “we live in an increasingly dangerous world 82% was the world average Not surprising considering that while 9% of global population in Latin America -- region accounts for One third homicides and 43 of the world’s 50 most violent cities

Governance Grievances I Results indicate ongoing and deeply rooted problem of skepticism and distrust of institutions In Latin America 18% satisfied for the way government running the country – contrasted with 19% developed world and 23% global average 30% in Latin America had trust in their government compared with 33% in developed countries and 48% in “other” countries

Governance Grievances II Other areas 42% of Latin Americans expressed a pessimistic outlook for the year ahead (2017) Indicative of the attitudes that have shaped the appeal of populism in Latin America 65% (84% in Mexico) wanted their country run by a strong ruler rather than the current elected government – this was 10% higher than in developed world and 60% in “other” countries Confidence in foreign governments higher for Latin Americans than trust in their national administrations 34% trusted foreign governments 29% global average

Governance Grievances III Trust in business higher in the region than any form of government 42% for Latin America 38% in the developed world Opportunity optimism Underscoring pressure for improvement that Latin American governments face. Survey shows strong optimism that opportunity in Housing 53% Money 49% and Employment 42% Will be better for the next generation

Governance Grievances IV 65% agreed with the statement that they would have a better life than their parents (76% in Peru) compared with 41% in developed world 51% globally 57% Latin Americans valued reaching a prominent career position vs 38% in developed world 40% Latin Americans felt economic growth more important than personal happiness -- compared with 30% global average 24% developed and 36% “other” developing

Outlook I Latin Americans emerge form survey as With Forward-thinking Market-oriented and Digitally adept With Foreign investment Globalization and Demographic change Driving a more outward facing and optimistic region Living up to these expectations raises major challenges for governments especially in context of increasing Fiscal and Trade deficits

Outlook II Governments scope to tackle pressing issues of inequality and service provision limited by Fiscal shortfalls High unemployment and Widespread labor informality Inequality seen as the most critical regional problem and the biggest impediment to future success Addressing this challenge will require More competent institutions and More capable, trustworthy and participatory political systems.