Androgen effects on bone and muscle

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Androgen effects on bone and muscle Morris Notelovitz, M.D., Ph.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 77, Pages 34-41 (April 2002) DOI: 10.1016/S0015-0282(02)02968-0

FIGURE 1 Bone remodeling, sex steroids, and mechanical loading. E, Estrogen; A, Androgen; NO, nitric oxide; +, stimulatory; −, inhibitory; PG, prostaglandin; double circle, primary activity; single circle, secondary activity. (From Smit and Burger (1). Reprinted by permission of the publisher.) Notelovitz. Androgen effects on bone and muscle. Fertil Steril 2002. Fertility and Sterility 2002 77, 34-41DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(02)02968-0)

FIGURE 2 Putative mechanism of androgen action in the human female osteoblast. E, 17-β estradiol; ER, estrogen receptor; PTH, parathyroid hormone; R, pth receptor; G, G protein; AC, adenylate cyclase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate. (From Gasperino (17). Reprinted by permission of the publisher.) Notelovitz. Androgen effects on bone and muscle. Fertil Steril 2002. Fertility and Sterility 2002 77, 34-41DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(02)02968-0)