Chapter 10-2: CELL CYCLE HI!!! M Phase

I. INTERPHASE(G1, S & G2) Cell Cycle begins here The cell is NOT dividing Has 3 phases 1. G1 Phase: a. Cell is Growing b. Proteins and Organelles synthesized 2. S Phase: a. DNA is replicated 3. G2 Phase: a. Centrioles replicate b. Growth continues c. Shortest phase

Interphase

II. M-Phase: Same as “cell division” A. SOMATIC (body) cells are made Includes 2 parts (that overlap) Mitosis: Division of the nucleus of somatic cells. Has 4 Phases (PMAT) Cytokenisis: Division of the cytoplasm Ends with 2 Cells

B. MITOSIS 1. Prophase Chromatin condenses to form chromosomes Nuclear envelope/membrane disappears Centrioles move to opposite poles Spindle fibers are formed from centrioles *** This step will be the opposite of Telophase.

Prophase

2. METAPHASE Spindle fibers attach to centromeres of chromosomes. b. Chromosomes line up in Middle (equator)

Metaphase

3. ANAPHASE Centromeres split allowing (twin)sister chromatids to separate b. Chromosomes move Away from each other along the spindle fibers until they reach the centrioles at opposite poles Cytokenisis begins

Anaphase

4. TELOPHASE Spindle fibers disappear b. Chromosomes uncoil back into chromatin c. Two new nuclear envelopes reappear ***Mitosis (division of the nucleus) is complete *** Telophase is OPPOSITE of Prophase!

Telophase

B. CYTOKINESIS: Second Stage of “Cell Division”(M-Phase) Division of Cytoplasm Cytokenisis in Animal Cells Cytoplasm Splits Cell membrane pinches inward The resulting cells are called Daughter cell Daughter cells are identical Cytokenisis in Plant Cells same as animals EXCEPT: Has a CELL PLATE which forms the cell wall

Cytokinesis- finished

PROPHASE METAPHASE INTERPHASE USE CHROMOSOME COLORS FROM YOUR BOOK! TELOPHASE ANAPHASE CYTOKINESIS