How did WWII change the world? (politically and economically)

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How did WWII change the world? (politically and economically) In a word, “Chaos” and a desire for “Consensus” Promote values of “democracy,” “global capitalism,” “free trade,” and “stability.” International Agreements GATT United Nations ** Handout Geneva Conventions (1949) ** Handout

Cold War Begins (1945 – 1990) Truman Doctrine, March, 1947 Economic aid for military support to stop the spread of Communism Marshall Plan, April, 1948 $13 Billion in economic aid; money has to be spent on U.S. goods Economic aid to rebuild Europe

TRUMAN AND CONTAINMENT IN EUROPE The Marshall Plan (1947) George C. Marshall National Security Act of 1947 Department of Defense Air Force Central Intelligence Agency National Security Council Carnes & Garrity The American Nation 12e

Why was the Korean War (1950-53) fought? How can the Korean War be viewed as a test of President Truman’s containment policy?

North and South Korea North & South Korea established after WWII … Korean War begins when …

* Concept of “Limited War” * The Korean War (1950 – 53) Pgs. – 644 – 646: U.S. involvement … Inchon landing … “Limited war” … Outcomes of the war … * Concept of “Limited War” *

The Korean War (1950 – 53) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t44SbOyjEUM Based upon the perspective of the historian, why was the Korean War worth the cost in American lives?

* Concept of “Limited War” * The Korean War (1950 – 53) * Concept of “Limited War” *

1952 Presidential Election ** Major Issue in 1952 Presidential Election

General Douglas MacArthur Gen. MacArthur fired when he publicly disagrees with the president … DMZ established after the end of Korean War …

“Domino Theory” in Asia The idea that “if one nation falls to communism, its neighboring countries will also fall under communist rule.” Korean War (1950-53) Vietnam War (1955-1975)

Another Important Cold War Alliance Different major ally in East Asia .. 1949 – Communist China U.S. Occupation of Japan SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) (1954) Involves the countries of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Australia Martin, America and Its Peoples 5e

Cold War Begins Post-WWII Alliances (1949) NATO – North Atlantic Treaty organization U.S., Canada, European countries (1954) Warsaw Pact – alliance of Soviet satellite states

President Eisenhower’s Containment Strategy: Eisenhower: Believes ground troops are costly in terms of lives and $$$ Brinkmanship & massive retaliation Korean War, 1953 Taiwan, 1954 West Berlin, 1957 U.S. Covert Operations & CIA Iran, “Operation Ajax” Deposed Mohammed Mossadegh Crisis of Sputnik (1957)