A New Industrial Revolution Chapter 18 – section 1

Essential Question Group Time! Industrialization increased the standard of living and the opportunities of most Americans, but at what cost?

Causes of Rapid Industrialization 1. Steam Revolution of the 1830s-1850s. 2. The Railroad fueled the growing US economy: First big business in the US. A magnet for financial investment. The key to opening the West. Aided the development of other industries. 3. Government policy favored industrial growth: subsidies to railroads Kept high tariffs on imports encouraging Americans buy American goods

Causes of Rapid Industrialization 4. Technological innovations. 1850’s Bessemer process made steel stronger and cheaper Refrigerated cars Edison Known as the “Wizard of Menlo Park” light bulb, phonograph, motion pictures.

Causes of Rapid Industrialization 5. Unskilled & semi-skilled labor in abundance. 6. Abundant capital. 7. New, talented group of businessmen [entrepreneurs] and advisors. 8. Market growing as US population increased. 9. Abundant natural resources.

U. S. Patents Granted 1790s  276 patents issued. A patent is document giving someone the sole right to make and sell an invention

Thomas Alva Edison “Wizard of Menlo Park”

The Light Bulb The nation’s first electrical power plant in New York City

The Phonograph (1877)

The Ediphone or Dictaphone

The Motion Picture Camera

Most valuable patent ever issued Alexander Graham Bell Telephone (1876) Most valuable patent ever issued

Alternate Current George Westinghouse

Alternate Current Westinghouse Lamp ad

Devices for home and Office 1868 Christopher Sholes invented a letter writing device called the “Type-Writer” Office workers could now crank out letters at a much faster rate than before.

George Eastman The Kodak camera was invented in 1888 making it possible for everyone to be able to afford to take their own pictures

Model T Automobile Did not make the first automobile! Did make it more affordable to the masses with the introduction of the assembly line in 1913! The assemble line changed everything From 14 hours to produce 1 car, to one car every 1 ½ hours! Henry Ford I want to pay my workers so that they can afford my product!

The Reorganization of Work The Assembly Line

“Model T” Prices & Sales

The Airplane Wilbur Wright Orville Wright Tested a gas powered plane First flight stayed in the air for 12 seconds Four flights made that day, one for 59 seconds Wilbur Wright Orville Wright Nobody really cared until WWI when militaries began to use it Kitty Hawk, NC – December 17, 1903