Organelle Functions

Nucleolus Ribosomes are synthesized here and then migrate to cytoplasm

Nucleoplasm Helps maintain the shape and structure of the nucleus

Nuclear Membrane Protects the nucleus from the cytoplasm Selectively Permeable- controls what material moves in and out of the cell

Lysosome Form in the Golgi Apparatus Breaks down food Recycle older organelles Return digested components to cytoplasm to be reused

Cytoplasm Fills the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane. Fluid portion is called the cytosol and is mainly water. Site of most cell activity (transports materials through out the cell).

Microtubules Network of proteins that give the cell support Found in the cytoplasm Gives the cell its shape and mobility

Cell Membrane Protects the cell from the outside environment Selectively Permeable- controls what material moves in and out of the cell Acts like a gatekeeper

Golgi Apparatus Condensed membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort and deliver proteins created in the ribosomes on the ER

Mitochondria Converts the nutrients the cell intakes to usable energy It is folded and kidney bean shaped

Smooth ER Lacks Ribosomes Acts as a storage area for proteins exiting the cell

Rough ER Contains Ribosomes Transport Proteins in and out of the nucleus.

Ribosome The place where RNA (transcribed from DNA) is translated to produce protein

Nucleus Control center of the cell and contains the cell’s DNA

Cilia Move liquid and objects past the surface of the cell

Flagella Allows the cell to be mobile Provides locomotion

Centriole Used in cell division Help in the formation of spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division

Cell wall Helps maintain the shape of the plant cell Supports and strengthen plants Made of cellulose

Vacuole Often the largest organelle found in plant cells Holds materials and wastes Maintains the proper pressure within the plant cells

Chloroplast Convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can be used by cells

Chlorophyll Vital for photosynthesis Green in color and allows the plant to absorb energy from light

Plastid Site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell