CRUSADES! By: Shalini Ratnayake Mater Christi College Year 8 Introduction Introduction - continued Crusades Crusades Continued Pictures The End!

INTRODUCTION! The year was 1095 CE; William the defeater had united England under one crown 30 years earlier. The French had been dividing properties amongst their sons for generations, causing bloodshed between brothers over small pieces of real estate. In reaction, Pope Urban II expanded "The Truce of God", which banned fighting from Sunday to Wednesday, and banned fighting involving priests, monks, women, labourers and merchants on any day of the week. Italy was a collection of city-states, constantly being overrun by invading crowds, the latest of which were the Normans, who had just started to become "civilized" cultured).

CONTINUED - INTRODUCTION! There was also the Byzantine Kingdom, ruling from Constantinople, whose emperor at this time was Alexius Comnenus. To his East, the Turks were rapidly intruding on his territory, and had begun attacking pilgrims on their way to - and in - Jerusalem, causing him great distress. He wrote to his friend Robert, the Count of Flanders, in 1093, telling him about supposed violence committed by the Turks on the Christian pilgrims, an investor had some how came across this letter and thought of this as a perfect way to solve some of his local problems. He personally certified a Holy Crusade to reclaim the Holy Lands from the barbarian Turks. Therefore, the First Crusade was launched in 1096 CE. It all began from hen and the Muslims were involved too, so that’s when they thought let the games begin.

Crusades! The Crusades were Holy wars fought by Europeans believing they were protecting the Christian religion. The Europeans were having the wars with the Muslim religion. Many crusades were fought between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries, but only the first crusade really succeeded in its aims. The crusades began, when Christian Europe launched a series of wars against the Muslims in an attempt to free the Holy Land. These Holy wars were called Crusades, by the Europeans. The Catholic Church taught that Christianity was the only true religion. It was aimed to convert those with other religion to convert to Christianity as in the Middle Ages they believed that Christianity was the only religion, which was truly in belief.

Crusades Continued! On the other hand the Muslim religion thought that there was only one god called Allah. The first crusade was held in 1096, the second was held in 1147, the third was held on 1204, the fourth was held on 1204 and the children’s crusade was held on 1212. These above dates were some on the most important dates in which the crusades took in place. In the eleventh century the relationship began to change. The end result of the Crusades, were a failure. After two centuries of warfare, Jerusalem remained in Muslims hands. For most of this time small sections of the Holy Land may have been part of a crusader kingdom, but none of these survived beyond the thirteenth century. Although the Christian religion crusades had a failure, the Muslims got the victory by taking part in the crusades.

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