Phases of Matter

Solids: Phases of Matter particles: tightly packed in orderly pattern particles can’t move very much vibrate back & forth

Gases: particles: far apart move rapidly from place to place

Liquids: in between solids & gases particles have more movement than solids but still close together

Why do liquids & solids exist? What holds them together?

Kinetic Energy atoms & molecules in constant motion temperature = measure average KE of particles in sample of matter

if temperature ↑, the average KE↑ if temperature , then average KE 

Temperature vs. Phase gas & solid at same temp have same average KE but particles in these 2 phases move very differently

Types of motion gas particles can move from place to place they can tumble they can shake

Solids: particles can only vibrate in a back and forth motion

liquid particles can vibrate but have very hindered movement moving place to place or tumbling particles can move a little bit but bump into neighbors

What is a phase change? a transition between phases there are 6 can you name them?

1. solidification l → s 2. melting s → l 3. vaporation l → g 4. condensation g → l 5. sublimation s → g 6. deposition g → s

solidification (freezing) liquid → solid melting solid → liquid

vaporization (boiling) liquid → gas

deposition gas → solid sublimation solid → gas

condensation gas → liquid

freezing (solidification) liquid → solid sublimation gas → solid

Phase Changes When substance goes from gas to condensed phase (s or l), what happens? particles get closer together and their motion slows down

Phase Changes When substance goes from solid to liquid or gas, what happens? particles move farther apart and their motion increases