Properties of Matter When scientists study and observe matter, they describe matter with physical and chemical properties.

What is a property? Property: a characteristic of a substance that can be observed

Chemical Properties Chemical property: a property that can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance Examples: Flammability – the ability to catch on fire Oxidation – the ability to rust Reactivity – the ability to have a chemical reaction

Physical Properties Physical property: a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. Examples: luster malleability ductility density melting point boiling point solubility specific heat

Physical Properties Luster – the shininess of an object Malleability – the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet Ductility – the ability to be stretched into a thin wire

Physical Properties Melting point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure The melting point of water = 0oC Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure The boiling point of water = 100oC

Physical Properties Density - the amount of mass per unit of volume. Solubility – the ability for a substance to dissolve. Specific Heat – the amount of energy required to raise the temperature 1oC

Examples: Think/Pair/Share Look at the examples on the back of your paper and decide if they are physical or chemical properties. Think (3 min) – Answer individually Pair (2 min) – Discuss with your table mate Share (1 min) – Go over as a class