Properties of Electric Charge Chapter 16 Section 1 Electric Charge Properties of Electric Charge There are two kinds of electric charge. like charges repel unlike charges attract Electric charge is conserved. Positively charged particles are called protons. Uncharged particles are called neutrons. Negatively charged particles are called electrons.

Chapter 16 Electric Charge Section 1 Electric Charge Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Properties of Electric Charge, continued Chapter 16 Section 1 Electric Charge Properties of Electric Charge, continued Electric charge is quantized. That is, when an object is charged, its charge is always a multiple of a fundamental unit of charge. Charge is measured in coulombs (C). The fundamental unit of charge, e, is the magnitude of the charge of a single electron or proton. e = 1.602 176 x 10–19 C

Transfer of Electric Charge Chapter 16 Section 1 Electric Charge Transfer of Electric Charge An electrical conductor is a material in which charges can move freely. An electrical insulator is a material in which charges cannot move freely.

Transfer of Electric Charge, continued Chapter 16 Section 1 Electric Charge Transfer of Electric Charge, continued Insulators and conductors can be charged by contact. Conductors can be charged by induction. Induction is a process of charging a conductor by bringing it near another charged object and grounding the conductor.

Chapter 16 Charging by Induction Visual Concepts Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Transfer of Electric Charge, continued Chapter 16 Section 1 Electric Charge Transfer of Electric Charge, continued A surface charge can be induced on insulators by polarization. With polarization, the charges within individual molecules are realigned such that the molecule has a slight charge separation.

Chapter 16 Section 2 Electric Force Coulomb’s Law Two charges near one another exert a force on one another called the electric force. Coulomb’s law states that the electric force is propor-tional to the magnitude of each charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Coulomb’s Law, continued Chapter 16 Section 2 Electric Force Coulomb’s Law, continued The Coulomb force is a field force. A field force is a force that is exerted by one object on another even though there is no physical contact between the two objects.

Electric Field Strength Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Electric Field Strength An electric field is a region where an electric force on a test charge can be detected. The SI units of the electric field, E, are newtons per coulomb (N/C). The direction of the electric field vector, E, is in the direction of the electric force that would be exerted on a small positive test charge.

Electric Fields and Test Charges Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Electric Fields and Test Charges Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Electric Field Strength, continued Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Electric Field Strength, continued Electric field strength depends on charge and distance. An electric field exists in the region around a charged object. Electric Field Strength Due to a Point Charge

Calculating Net Electric Field Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Calculating Net Electric Field Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Chapter 16 Electric Field Lines Section 3 The Electric Field Electric Field Lines The number of electric field lines is proportional to the electric field strength. Electric field lines are tangent to the electric field vector at any point.

Rules for Drawing Electric Field Lines Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Rules for Drawing Electric Field Lines Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Rules for Sketching Fields Created by Several Charges Chapter 16 Section 3 The Electric Field Rules for Sketching Fields Created by Several Charges Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept