Massachusetts Founders- William Bradford (leader of the Pilgrims) and John Winthrop (leader of the Puritans). Reasons Founded- To escape religious persecution in England. Climate and Geography- Fertile land and heavily forested; bitter cold winters, warm and humid summers; harbor. Economy- Shipping, fur, lumber and cattle. Major City- Boston, Plymouth, Salem

New Hampshire Founders- [not important]. Reasons Founded- To escape religious persecution in Massachusetts. Climate and Geography- Fertile, but rocky soil, heavily forested; bitter cold winters, mild summers. Economy- Furs, rum-making, shipbuilding and lumber production. Major City- Concord

Rhode Island Founder- Roger Williams (1644). Reasons Founded- To escape religious persecution in Massachusetts. Climate and Geography- Red clay soil; cold winters, short but humid summers. Economy- Cattle and dairy farmers, subsistence farmers, and shipping. Major City- Providence

Connecticut Founders- Thomas Hooker (1636). Reasons Founded- To escape religious persecution in Massachusetts. Climate and Geography- Hilly and forested, colder winters, short but humid summers. Economy- Cattle and dairy farmers, subsistence farmers, shipping, fishing, and whaling. Major City- Hartford, New Haven

New York Founders- Henry Hudson (1624). Reasons Founded- Money and natural resources. Climate and Geography- Harbor; soil was fertile but had trees and rocks closer to New England; hot, humid summers and bitter winters. Economy- Farmers, merchants and tradesmen, fur, lumber and shipping, “BreadBasket Colonies”. Major City- New York City

New Jersey Founders- [not important]. Reasons Founded- Profit and trade. Climate and Geography- Cold winters, hot and humid summers, longer growing season than New York. Economy- Fishing, but no natural harbors so not as much trade, natural resources, and farming. Major City- Newark New Jersey

Pennsylvania Founders- William Penn (leader of the Quakers) (1681). Reasons Founded- To escape religious persecution in England. Climate and Geography- fertile land and heavily forested, iron ore, hot summers and cold winters. Economy- farms that produced grains and dairy cattle, “Breadbasket Colonies”, merchants and tradesmen, lumber. Major City- Philadelphia

Delaware Founders- [not important]. Reasons Founded- Profit and trade. Climate and Geography- Cool winters with mild to warm summers.; winters not as harsh as farther north. Economy- Lumber and fishing. Major City- Wilmington

Maryland Founders- Lord George Calvert (Baron Baltimore) (1632). Reasons Founded- So Catholics could practice their religion. Climate and Geography- Chesapeake Bay was surrounded by fertile land; colder winters, hot and humid summers; iron ore. Economy- Farms that raised grains, tobacco, flax, fishing (Chesapeake Bay). Major City- Baltimore

Virginia Founders- John Smith of Virginia Co. Reasons Founded- Investment to make money. Climate and Geography- Mild winters, hot summers; flat, fertile land; swampy in the east; wooded mountains in the west. Economy- Crops such as tobacco, cotton, indigo, and rice. Major City- Jamestown

(Split into North and South Carolina in 1729) The Carolinas (Split into North and South Carolina in 1729) Founders- [not important] Reasons Founded- Wanted to invest and make money. Climate and Geography- Mild winter, hot summers; flat, fertile land; swampy in the east, wooded mountains in the west. Economy- Crops such as tobacco, cotton, indigo and rice. Major City- Charleston

Georgia Georgia- James Oglethorpe (1732). Reasons Founded- New start for debtors who had been imprisoned. Climate and Geography- Mild winters, hot summers; flat, fertile land; swampy in the east; wooded mountains in the west. Economy- Crops such as tobacco, cotton, indigo and rice. Major City- Savannah

Interactive Map of the 13 colonies NH MA NY RI Conn PA NJ MD Interactive Map Part Two DEL VA SC GA Interactive Map of the 13 colonies

New England Colonies products Savannah Charlestown Wilmington Plymouth Boston Newport Portsmouth New York City Philadelphia Dover Baltimore Albany Jamestown Settlement Patterns Savannah James Potomac Susquehanna Hudson New England Colonies products Middle Colonies Products Based upon the location of the waterways and proximity to the ocean, describe the settlement patterns. What area of the colonies have a greater population and why? Southern Colonies products

Distance from the mother country The New England Colonies were 3200 miles from the mother country New England Products Distance from the mother country

Middle Colonies Products The middle colonies were 3600 miles from the mother country Middle Colonies Products Distance from the mother country

Southern colonies products The southern colonies were 3800 miles from the mother country Distance from the mother country

The Grand Banks of Newfoundland Back to settlement patterns Back to distance from the mother country New England Colonies The Grand Banks of Newfoundland only 800 miles away! New England products How did the climate affect the type of products produced in New England? How did the geographic proximity to the Grand Banks of Newfoundland affect the economy? Did being closer to the mother country affect trade? Where were most of the principal cities located? How was this affected by products?

Back to settlement patterns Middle Colonies Back to distance from the mother country Middle Colony Products How does climate affect colonial farm products? Why is the port of New York so important to the middle colonies?

Back to settlement patterns Southern Colonies Back to distance from the mother country Southern Colonies What geographic factors contribute to the consistency of the southern colonies’ products? How do the settlement patterns of the southern colonies lend themselves to the production of cash crops?