VOCabulary List #7 Europe History Part II

World War I Key words: Great War 1914-1918 Triple Entente: France, Russia, UK Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary Spark: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian Trench Warfare US entered in

Nationalism Key words: An underlying cause of WWI Devotion to one’s country Could lead to hostility

Alliances Key words: An underlying cause of WWI Agreement between allies to defend each other Partnership/Protection Could lead to pulling other nations in to wars

Imperialism Key words: An underlying cause of WWI Countries compete to extend empires Seizing colonies/territories Could cause bad relations

Militarism Key words: An underlying cause of WWI Building of military power Adding weapons/arms, tanks, troops, training Warlike attitudes

Humiliate Key words: Embarrass Reduce someone or something’s self worth Germany was blamed for starting WWI and humiliated with punishment by the world. Treaty of Versailles spelled out punishments.

Great Depression Key words: Worldwide economic slump Started 1929, stock market crash in US, into late 1930s Caused hardship around the world. High unemployment, poverty

Slump Key words: A marked decline Referring to world’s economic situation during Great Depression Dollar bill lost it’s value, lower wages, unemployment from 3% to 25%

Communism Key words: Economic ($$) and political( ) system run by state Communist party controls industry, farmland, business Karl Marx founded Society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs

Fascism Key words: A political system stresses national strength and military might over individuals Led by a dictator having complete power Ex. Benito Mussolini in Italy

World War II Key words: The second major global conflict of the 1900’s. 1939-1945 Began with Germany under Hitler invading Poland Ended with surrender of Germany and Japan Fought predominantly in Europe and across the Pacific and eastern Asia Axis Powers-- Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and Japan Allied Powers--Great Britain, France, China, the United States, and Soviet Union

Holocaust Key words: Mass murder of 6 million Jews by Nazis, 1933-1945 Happened during WWII under Hitler 5 million people from other groups also died. Persecution, execution, gas chambers, concentration camps

Cold War Key words: A long period of hostility between the Soviet Union and the democratic West, mainly USA. Not fighting…War of ideas, thoughts, ways of life and governing 1947-1991 Very different beliefs and ideology – capitalism versus communism

Marshall Plan Key words: A U.S. recovery plan for Europe, $13 billion given Offered money to help European countries recover from the war and rebuild war-devastated regions.

Berlin Wall Key words: Wall built to divide East and West Berlin in Germany Built by the East German government in 1961, to prevent people from fleeing to freedom in West Berlin This wall came to symbolize Cold War divisions. Wall was taken down in 1989

European Union Key words: (EU)-created in 1992 as an economic and political partnership Includes 28 European countries. Founded in 1993, allowed easier trade, more citizen interaction on issues such as the environment and security, and easier travel through the different countries.

Transfer Key words: A carrying over of something from one situation to another. Referring to the transfer of power for example from Communist regime to Democratic Many countries, such as Russia, Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria abolished Communist government in the late 1980s and after.

France n late 1700s Difficult times in France= common people lived in poverty and misery because of extravagant spending by monarchs which put france in to debt. Common people/Lower class people lived in poverty.

King Louis XVI and marie antoinette French monarchs lived extravagant lives, lavish parties, spared no expense in their lifestyles, clothing, luxurious lives. King Louis XVI and marie antoinette

The people grew tired of their treatment and organized a National assembly to gain equality and liberty. King Louis XVI opposed and tried to