US History How does U.S. History influence Texas/Mexico History?

Magna Carta Written in England in 1215 Limited the power of the king- due process of law must be used to accuse someone of a crime Used by the framers to write the US Constitution later in 1787

Jamestown-1607 First permanent English settlement in America Established by the London Company in southeast Virginia

House of Burgesses In April, 1619, GOVERNOR GEORGE YEARDLEY arrived in Virginia from England and announced that the Virginia Company had voted to abolish martial law and create a legislative assembly. It became the House of Burgesses — the first legislative assembly in the American colonies. The first assembly met on July 30, 1619, in the church at Jamestown. Present were Governor Yeardley, Council, and 22 burgesses representing 11 plantations (or settlements) Burgesses were elected representatives. Only white men who owned a specific amount of property were eligible to vote for Burgesses.

Mayflower Compact--1620 The Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts is established by Pilgrims from England Before leaving the Mayflower, the passengers signed the Mayflower Compact, a social contract that formed the foundation of self government

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut--1639 First written Constitution in North America Written by members of the Connecticut colony in 1639 to set up the structure and powers of government

English Bill of Rights Passed by Parliament in 1689 to protect rights such as freedom of speech, petition, and religion Used to write the U.S. Bill of Rights

French and Indian War-1754 Final conflict in the ongoing struggle between the British and French for control of eastern North America in the 1750’s. Took place in Ohio River Valley

Albany Plan Delegates from 12 colonies met to form an alliance at the beginning of the French and Indian War in 1754. However, Benjamin Franklin’s plan failed to pass in the state legislatures.

Treaty of Paris-1763 Ended the French and Indian War France loses a large amount of territory in North America, making Great Britain the strongest power in North America

Proclamation of 1763 King George III prohibited American colonists from moving West of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflict with the natives after the French and Indian War

1765-1774 A series of Taxations and laws passed affecting the colonies to trigger the American Revolution. Including Quartering Act.

Battle of Lexington-1775 British troops approached by colonial troops on their way to Concord to seize colonist’s gunpowder Known as the “Shot heard round the world”- first shot of the American Revolution in 1775.

Battle of Concord After a battle at Lexington, British soldiers marched to Concord to seize weapons. As the Brittish marched through the town, colonial soldiers fired from behind trees and fences, embarrassing the British. British troops suffered more casualties, and Lexington and Concord became known as the first battles of the American Revolution.

Declaration of Independence-1776 The Declaration of Independence is adopted July 4 written mainly by Thomas Jefferson. The document declared the colonies independent of Great Britain and lists grievances against King George III.

American Revolution 1777- 1783

Articles of Confederation The Articles of Confederation is adopted in 1781, which marked the first constitution of the United States. The constitution called for a weak central government with most power given to the loosely joined states.

Battle of Yorktown British General Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington in Yorktown, Virginia in 1781. French and Spanish troops helped the colonists during this battle. This battle ended the fighting of the American Revolution.

Treaty of Paris-1783 This officially ended the American Revolution. The treaty established the boundaries of the United States, rights to the ocean for fishing and trade, and both parties promised to pay back debts.

Shays’ Rebellion Farmers in Massachusetts took over debt court in 1786 to protest high taxes This convinced the U.S. that the Articles of Confederation were not working and that a stronger central government was needed. The result was the Philadelphia Convention to revise the articles

Philadelphia Convention-1787 55 delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies met in Philadelphia to revise the articles. Instead, the delegates decided they needed to write a whole new constitution, creating a stronger central government. This formed the US Constitution that we still use today.

Bill of Rights The first ten amendments to the Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights were ratified in 1791 to help gain support for the constitution. These rights include freedom of speech, press, petition, among others.

Louisiana Purchase-1803 President Thomas Jefferson buys Louisiana Territory from French leader Napoleon Bonaparte for $15 million (equal to 3 cents an acre). This doubles the size of the U.S. Lewis and Clark are sent to explore and find a route to the Pacific Ocean.

War of 1812 U.S. declares war (Pres. Madison) with Great Britain over shipping rights, impressment of U.S. sailors, and the British giving guns to Native Americans. During this war, the Star Spangled Banner is written by Francis Scott Key. War ends with Treaty of Ghent.

Missouri Compromise Henry Clay created a plan in 1820 to maintain a balance between free and slave states Missouri would be entered as a slave state, and Maine as a free state Slavery was prohibited north of the 36°30’ parallel

Compromise of 1850 Debate over what to do with territory won in Mexican War in 1848 California becomes a free state, Utah and New Mexico will be decided by popular sovereignty, slave trade ends in Washington D.C., and a stronger Fugitive Slave Law is passed

Manifest Destiny the belief or doctrine, held chiefly in the middle and latter part of the 19th century, that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political, social, and economic influences.

Westward Expansion the 19th-century movement of settlers into the American West, began with the Louisiana Purchase and was fueled by the Gold Rush, the Oregon Trail and a belief in "manifest destiny." To Jefferson, westward expansion was the key to the nation's health: He believed that a republic depended on an independent, virtuous citizenry for its survival, and that independence and virtue went hand in hand with land ownership, especially the ownership of small farms.