Evolution BIOLOGY

Biology Unit one

What is biology? The study of “LIFE” Bio = life -logy = study of

CHARACTERISICS OF LIFE Cells: all living things are made up of one or more cells. All living things can Reproduce. Sexual Reproduction: Provides variation in offspring / two parents Asexual Reproduction: No variation – offspring are “clones” of parent / one parent

Sexual Vs Asexual Reproduction                                                                                

Characteristics of Life … cont. Metabolism: must be able to take in energy, use energy (to grow, move, think, etc.) Anabolism: Building up (eating / gaining muscle mass) Catabolism: Breaking down (converting food to energy)

Evolution: change in the inherited traits of a species over time. Homeostasis: “biological balance” (respond to changes in environment – to survive) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1iPndNB7mjw Heredity: All living things pass on traits (characteristics) to their offspring: Genes – sets of instructions passed from parents to offspring. Evolution: change in the inherited traits of a species over time. Natural Selection “strong survive & reproduce”.

Interdependence: Each organism in a community learn to live and interact with others in their community. Ecology – study of interactions of living things with the environment.

Sexual or Asexual?

Vocabulary – Chapter 1 Biodiversity: The variety of life; species are “diverse” Biology: The study of all life forms Biosphere: All living things and the places they are found on Earth

Cell: The basic ‘unit’ of life DNA: Genetic material in chromosomes, passed on to offspring Metabolism: A chemical process that breaks down food and builds up (muscle) for example

Organism: Any individual living thing Species: Living thing that can reproduce and interbreed Adaptation: An inherited trait that gives an advantage to offspring Biotechnology: Using modern equipment to help scientists (ex: CSI)

Constant / Control Group: When doing an experiment, the condition are kept the same (no change) Dependent Variable: Variable that is measured and goes on the “y” axis. Evolution: A change in living things over time, may change the genetics of a species Gene: A segment of DNA that stores genetic information

Genomics: Study and comparison of genomes (DNA) within and across species Homeostasis: “Biological Balance” Independent Variable: A condition that the scientist changes Microscope: Scientific equipment that magnifies things Transgenic: An organism that has been changed (genetically); usually has another type of DNA other that its own.