North America in 1750

Background The French were exploring the interior of America while the English colonists were settling the eastern coast The English competed with the French for beaver furs Fur trade created economic and military alliances between the Europeans and their Native American trading partners.

Conflict in the Ohio River Valley The English started moving into the Ohio River Valley in the 1750s They wanted to settle colonists there This concerned the French and their Native American allies In 1753, the governor of Virginia sent a small group of soldiers to tell the French to leave

Who was involved? French and their Native American allies Spanish helped the French England (British) and their colonists in America The English had a 21-year-old leader named George Washington

When did the French and Indian War take place? The French and Indian war began in 1754. This war became a part of the “Seven Years’ War” that was going on between France and England (1756-1763) The Seven Years’ War was not only fought in North America but in the Caribbean and throughout Europe

Why did this war take place? France and England were in a long struggle over land in America and control of fur trading. They both wanted to expand their European empires The English were moving into the French territory and wanting to establish colonies in the Ohio River Valley

Where did the war take place?

What took place during the war? Albany Plan of Union First formal proposal to unite the colonies as one Benjamin Franklin suggested that the colonies ban together to fight against the French and Indians Braddock’s Defeat The British realized that the colonists supply enough troops or money for the war The British sent General Braddock from England to lead the fight Helped George Washington The French and Indians planned a surprise attack and Braddock was defeated and killed

The British Take Quebec After three years of steady losses, the British were fed up The British sent their best generals and troops to America to fight They attacked New France’s capital of Quebec Attack took two month, but the British finally won The Battle of Quebec became a major turning point for the British

Results of the War In other parts of the world, Britain and France continued to fight When the fighting finally came to an end in 1763, both France and England signed the Treaty of Paris, 1763 This treaty ended French power in North America Britain claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi River France gave Spain New Orleans and Louisiana for their help in the war

North America in 1763

How did the map of America change? The British owned all land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River (excluding Florida) Spain owned land from the Mississippi River west

How did things change in America? Pontiac’s Rebellion After the French forces left America, the British took over their forts They refused to help the Native Americas The colonists began moving over the Appalachian Mountains to create colonies In response, the Native Americas attacked settlers and destroyed almost every British fort west of the Appalachians

Response to Pontiac’s Rebellion After the British ended the Native attacks, they needed a plan They realized that protecting the land west of the Appalachian Mountains would be very costly and was unnecessary

Proclamation Line of 1763 The British issued the Proclamation of 1763 This issue forbade the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains This issue angered the colonists because they felt they earned the right (by fighting with the British against the French) to settle in the newly gained British territory The British became angry at the colonists because they refused to pay to protect themselves from Indian attacks The fighting between the colonists and the British will start the long fight for the colonists’ independence

Proclamation Line of 1763