Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa Section 3: Kingdoms and Trading States of East Africa Witness History Audio: Divine Intervention Axum: Center of Goods and Ideas Axum’s port city of Adulis and upland capital of Axum commanded a triangular trade network connecting Africa, India, and the Mediterranean. Ideas were also shared and Christianity took hold and became the official religion. This isolated Axum as other African rulers embraced Islam. Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why do rulers like Ezana place inscriptions like this on monuments?” (to pay tribute to themselves; to thank their god or gods; to persuade their people to show allegiance) 1 of 6

Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa Section 3: Kingdoms and Trading States of East Africa Ethiopia: A Christian Outpost Medieval Ethiopia grew out of Axum and its people maintained their Christianity. King Lalibela had eleven churches carved into the ground from solid rock. Some Ethiopians, the Falasha, practiced Judaism. Note Taking Transparency 94 Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why do rulers like Ezana place inscriptions like this on monuments?” (to pay tribute to themselves; to thank their god or gods; to persuade their people to show allegiance) East African City-States Some city-states arose while Axum declined. Monsoon winds brought ships to East Africa from India. City-states such as Kilwa benefited from the trade and the mix of cultures. The new language of Swahili was a mix of Arabic and Bantu languages. 2 of 6

Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa Section 3: Kingdoms and Trading States of East Africa The Stone Houses of Great Zimbabwe Great Zimbabwe was built by Bantu-speaking people over 600 years. Stone walls, towers, and a large palace are what remain of this capital of an empire that grew rich from gold. Witness History Video: Great Zimbabwe: Lost City of Africa Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why do rulers like Ezana place inscriptions like this on monuments?” (to pay tribute to themselves; to thank their god or gods; to persuade their people to show allegiance) QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency 3 of 6

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