Improved Traditional Medicare for All Makes Economic Sense Fraud and waste 19% 1% 2.8% Uniform rates on delivery side 5.9% Pharmaceutical pricing 12% 9% Increased Utilization 12% Total system administration New Expenses New Savings Note: Percentages are the impact on total healthcare expense. For example, a 40% reduction in the price of pharmaceuticals impacts 14.7% of total healthcare spend; 0.4 x .147 = 059. Source: Pollin, R., et al. Economic Analysis of Medicare for All. PERI (Political Economic Research Institute), U Mass - Amherst https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/1127-economic-analysis-of-medicare-for-all accessed Dec 3, 2018

Improved Traditional Medicare for All Makes Economic Sense ? 19% New Savings New Expenses 12% Note: Percentages are the impact on total healthcare expense. For example, a 40% reduction in the price of pharmaceuticals impacts 14.7% of total healthcare spend; 0.4 x .147 = 059. Source: Pollin, R., et al. Economic Analysis of Medicare for All. PERI (Political Economic Research Institute), U Mass - Amherst https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/1127-economic-analysis-of-medicare-for-all accessed Dec 3, 2018

Improved Traditional Medicare for All Makes Economic Sense 2017 US healthcare consumption $3.24 T Increase utilization by 12%: $3.63 T Savings of 19%: $2.93 T overall costs 19% New Savings New Expenses 12% Note: Percentages are the impact on total healthcare expense. For example, a 40% reduction in the price of pharmaceuticals impacts 14.7% of total healthcare spend; 0.4 x .147 = 059. Source: Pollin, R., et al. Economic Analysis of Medicare for All. PERI (Political Economic Research Institute), U Mass - Amherst https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/1127-economic-analysis-of-medicare-for-all accessed Dec 3, 2018

Improved Traditional Medicare for All Makes Economic Sense One illustrative financing proposal for $2.93 T Continue current public healthcare funding: $1.88 T Business healthcare premiums cut by 8% overall, still leaves: $623 B 3.75% sales tax on non-necessities: $196 B 0.38% tax on net worth (exempt first $1M): $193 B Tax long-term capital gains as ordinary income: $69 B Overall, households and private businesses would pay 9.6% less than today $2.96T Note: Percentages are the impact on total healthcare expense. For example, a 40% reduction in the price of pharmaceuticals impacts 14.7% of total healthcare spend; 0.4 x .147 = 059. Source: Pollin, R., et al. Economic Analysis of Medicare for All. PERI (Political Economic Research Institute), U Mass - Amherst https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/1127-economic-analysis-of-medicare-for-all accessed Dec 3, 2018