The Role of Theory in Criminology

Why Have Theory?

Crime Theory and Common Sense “She was born that way” “He’s from the wrong side of the tracks” “She got in with the wrong crowd” “What he needs is a good stiff kick” “It’s the parents fault” “We’ve got to stop coddling criminals” “It’s the music she listens to” “How else could he hope to get rich?” “He was labeled a trouble maker at a young age” Current events/draw

Aspects of Theory Articulated propositions Unarticulated propositions Empirical validity

Drawing the Relationships Between Variables Direct (causal) effect A affects C directly Indirect (mediated) effect A affects C indirectly by first affecting B B is a mediating variable A C Parenting, low self-control, crime A B C

Drawing the Relationship Between Variables Interaction effect The relationship between A and C differs depending on B A C Low self control, crime, and opportunity Formal sanctions, informal sanctions, crime B moderates the relationship between A and C B

Explaining Delinquency Neighborhood Poverty Poor Parental Supervision Delinquent Friends Delinquency