Chapter 19 Review A Bonding.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 19 Review A Bonding

Bonding Occurs to make a stable valence (outer) electron shell Stable number: All atoms except noble gases will usually bond Two types of bond: Ionic Covalent Type of bond depends on type of element Get out your periodic table!

Group 16: 6 valence e- Group 1: 1 valence e- Group 15: 5 valence e- Group 14: 4 valence e- Group 17: 7 valence e- Group 2: 2 valence e- Group 13: 3 valence e- Transition Elements Noble Gases

Ionic Bonds Transfer of electrons creates a charged particle Metals lose e- Become Nonmetals gain e- Usually bonding between metals and groups 16-17 Polyatomic ions: Special group of covalently bonded atoms with a charge Examples:

Group 16: -2 Group 1: +1 Group 15: -3 Group 14: usually share Group 17: -1 Group 2: +2 Group 13: +3 Transition Elements Noble Gases

.H .H H. H. Covalent Bonds Sharing e-, no charges Nonmetals H also bonds covalently Single bond One pair of e- shared Double bond 2 pairs of e- shared Triple bond 3 pairs of e- shared H. .H H. .H

Polar versus Nonpolar When atoms share electrons unequally, the bond is polar Occurs when atoms are in groups that are not close together One atom becomes slightly negative and one becomes slightly positive Example:

Formula Formula represents: If Ionic, charges are shown Elements in compound Number of atoms of each element or number of ions If Ionic, charges are shown If Covalent, there are no charges! Example: