Preventing Violence HEALTH 10 CHAPTER 4

What is Violence? Lesson 1

Lesson Focus: Who feels the effects of violence What risk factors are associated with violent behavior

Quick Write Where do we see violence in our culture? What are some causes/risk factors for violence?

Definitions Violence – the use of PHYSICAL force with intent to INJURE or KILL Homicide – the INTENTIONAL killing of one person by another SECOND leading cause of death in people 15-24 Victim – the person who is ATTACKED and HARMED

Definitions Assailant – a person who PHYSICALLY attacks another Free floating anger – FRUSTRATION or hostility that results when a person feels unable to improve their LIFE Territorial Gang – highly ORGANIZED group of young people whose focus is PROTECTING the boundaries of their territory

the Victim DEATH is the most serious outcome but it’s not the only possible result Survivors are likely to suffer SERIOUS, PERMANENT injuries such as: PHYSICAL injuries PARALYSIS EMOTIONAL scars and damage FEAR, ANGER, and VENGENCE are often expressed by victims

The Assailant May also suffer serious PHYSICAL injuries May feel SADNESS or GUILT FEAR of an act of REVENGE FAMILY and FRIENDS may also experience these emotions They may also face: CRIMINAL CHARGES COURT COSTS, JAIL TIME Criminal charges can affect a person for LIFE ability to find a JOB, HOUSE, achieve GOALS.

Influences on Violence Poverty: POOR, urban communities, that have high UNEMPLOYMENT rates, experience the highest rates of violence Hopelessness and fear come from a lack of: JOBS, money, FOOD, health care, and RESPECT for others When FREE-FLOATING anger is high, small events are more likely to trigger a violent event

Influences on Violence Media Violence: Violence is seen as EXCITEMENT and ENTERTAINMENT From early childhood to adulthood in TV SHOWS, VIDEO GAMES, movies and ads These shows do not depict the AFTERMATH of the violence Pain, remorse, tragedy Especially in children; they see these behaviors as NORMAL and can be easily INFLUENCED

Influences on Violence Family Violence VIOLENT homes are more likely to lead to violent behavior as a way to “SOLVE” problems Children are MODELING their behavior after their parents Set a positive EXAMPLE to teach children how to deal with anger

Influences on Violence Availability of Weapons Fights are more DEADLY with weapons Households that have weapons should keep them SECURELY out of reach of children and teenagers Use weapons in APPROPRIATE and SUPERVISED conditions “Do guns kill people or do people kill people?”

Influences on Violence Drug Abuse 50% of homicide VICTIMS have alcohol in their systems Alcohol and drugs affect the brain clouding JUDGEMENT and altering BEHAVIOR Addicts may resort to crimes to Feed their ADDICTION Gather more DRUGS Get MONEY People who deal drugs are likely to carry a weapon because doing so is illegal

Influences on Violence Membership in Gangs Membership is achieved through elaborate INITIATION- often violence is involved. May wear COLORS or CLOTHES to identify themselves. Territorial gangs are also called “FIGHTING gangs” fight to protect their BOUNDARIES Gangs are often, but not always, involved with the sale of ILLEGAL DRUGS Members are young people who have not done well in SCHOOL, have family PROBLEMS, seeking a sense of purpose and BELONGING.

Lesson Review Questions in notes

How fights Start Lesson 2

Lesson focus When is person is angry is their response within their control? What types of situations typically lead to violence?

Anger Feeling irritated or annoyed A response to being hurt / frustrated Anger is a normal feeling Responses to anger are within your control you have to choose the best option based on the situation

Arguments Arguments start for a variety of reasons Hurt pride / Embarrassment Peer Pressure Prejudice Revenge Control Nonviolent Responses: Communicate your anger to the person who angered you Re-channel your anger

Hurt Pride / embarrassment People make comments that you found hurtful or embarrassing Nonviolent Responses: Don’t let others’ remarks control your actions Ignore a bully’s behavior

Peer pressure Peer Pressure – feeling the need to conform to those around you Not always your friend telling you to do things Instigators – people who encourage fighting between others without getting involved themselves Spreading rumors about 2 people to start a conflict between them people gathering to watch and yell “Fight, fight, fight” Nonviolent Responses Control your anger Don’t let instigators trap you in violent behavior

prejudice Prejudice – intolerance of individuals or groups of people based on differences such as skin color, religion, politics, nationality etc. Discrimination – unfair mistreatment of people based on prejudices Micro Insults – small but frequent episodes of discrimination Ex: excluding someone from a group, treating someone impolitely These insults and discrimination build up overtime and can lead to violent repercussions Nonviolent Responses Learn about other cultures

revenge Fights lead to a winner and a loser The person who “lost” the original fight, or their friends/family may feel the need to stand up for them or try to “change the outcome” leading to a cycle of revenge The cycle escalates and violence is likely to increase Nonviolent Responses Break the cycle Resolve arguments with words or means other than fighting

Control Women are frequent victims of control related violence. A man will show his “power” over a female with physical force to scare them and intimidate them. This can happen in reverse as well Nonviolent Responses: Know there is a way out Seek counseling and help

Lesson Review Questions in notes

Bullying Lesson 3

Bullying https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5PZ_Bh-M6o

Conflict Prevention & Resolution Lesson 3

Lesson focus Understand what is most important in any conflict Understand what the steps are to resolve a conflict Display skills and ability to effectively resolve a conflict in a nonviolent way

What’s wrong with this? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbFYokpA2ho 00:31

Recognizing conflict early When people know each other, there is usually a history of events that lead to the fight Examples: Name calling spreading of rumors Recognizing behaviors that may result in a fight early can help prevent the fight from happening at all.

Learn to ignore some conflicts In some situations just walk away and do nothing at all Examples: if you are unlikely to ever see the person again if the person or situation is not very important to you if the conflict is based on rumors that may not be true if it is over something silly if the person is just trying to anger, antagonize , or get you in trouble It shows you have self-control The most important thing in any conflict is your safety

Confronting the person When it is someone important to you Someone you frequently interact with An important issue You have to be careful in how you choose to confront a person Choose the time and place carefully Confront them alone With people watching they are more likely to get defensive

Confronting the person Remain calm Set the tone Avoid blaming, put downs, threats, and interrupting Affirm others Be sincere Reserve judgement Use positive non-verbal communication Define the conflict Take responsibility for personal actions Use I-messages I feel _____________ When you __________________ Can you please________________

Confronting the person Listen to the needs and feelings of others List and discuss possible solutions. Evaluating each for results that are Healthful Safe Legal Respectful to all involved Nonviolent Agree on a solution Follow through on your part of the solution Ask for help if you cannot resolve it on your own

Helping others avoid Fights Mediation – a process for resolving conflicts that involves a neutral third party Emphasize your neutrality Do not take sides Establish guidelines everything is confidential be honest avoid name calling no interrupting propose solutions they can agree on Allow them to state their view Explore possible solutions Don’t give up

https://www. youtube. com/watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJbOehAii6c (Mediation: 1:05; 2:43-2:50) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kov2G0GouBw Compromise

Taking a neutral Stand Mediation Practice