Sjálfnæmissjúkdómar Henoch Schönlein og Kawasaki

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Presentation transcript:

Sjálfnæmissjúkdómar Henoch Schönlein og Kawasaki

Henoch-Schönlein

Klinisk einkenni Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nonthrombocytopenic purpura Arthritis Abdominal pain Nephritis

Einkenni - purpura og húðblæðingar - liðverkir og bólgur í stórum liðum, 75% - maga og meltingarfæraeinkenni í 80% verkir, uppköst, blæðingar o.fl. - nýrnaeinkenni, oft mild, einstaka sinnum alvarlegur glomerulonephritis, - bjúgur, þ.m.t. gen swelling o.fl

Einkenni fyrir innlögn Valtýr Stefánsson Thors Einkenni önnur en bara útbrot-Samtals 80,2% Hálssærindi/Hálsbólga/Kvef/Slappleiki 45,5% Kviðverkir/Niðurgangur/Uppköst 38,6% Liðverkir 8,9% http://www.laeknabladid.is/2002/11/fraedigreinar//nr/944/

Einkenni Valtýr Stefánsson Thors

HSP - árssveifla Valtýr Stefánsson Thors

HSP - árstíðasveifla Valtýr Stefánsson Thors

HSP - aldursdreifing Valtýr Stefánsson Thors

Predisposing factors - vírus sýkingar, þ.m.t. hepatitis, hlaupabóla o.s.frv. - b-haemolytic streptococcy - bólusetningar - skordýraeitur - ofnæmisviðbrögð - illkynja sjúkdómar - ættgengur skortur á C2 compliment component - o.fl.

Scand J Immunol 2005

Rannsóknir Almenn atriði, hvít ­?, eðl blóðflögur, eðl blóðstorka, sökk ­?,­ IgA og IgM, compl ­?, ANA neg, creat eðl, þvag?

Greining Klínisk

Henoch-Schönlein

Henoch-Schönlein

Meðferð Almennt, glucocorticosteroidar ?

Horfur: Góðar

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur * Hiti Eitlastækkanir Útbrot Conjunctivitis Slímhúðarbreytingar Eink handa og fóta Hjarta Miðtaugakerfi Þvag og kynfæri Meltingafæri Vöðvar og stoðkerfi *Síður læknanema

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur Hiti: Hectic, unresponsive to antibiotics Eitlar: Single, large, nonsuppurative cervical node Útbrot: Polymorphous rash on trunk and extremities Conjunctivitis.Nonsuppurative Slímhúðir: Red, cracked lips, oral erythema, strawberry tongue Hendur og fætur:Indurated hands and feet, erythema of palms and soles, desquamation starting at fingertips (7-10 days), nail ridging (late)

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur Hjarta og æðarr: Pericarditis, myocarditis, mitral insufficiency. Coronary arteritis, aneurysm/ thrombosis generally 2-6 wk after onset, fatal in < 1% Aneurysms elsewhere. Later coronary atherosclerosis, angina, infarct Miðtaugakerfi: Extreme irritability (characteristic) Asepticmeningitis/encephalitis Genitourinary: Sterile pyuria Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, mild hepatitis Hydrops of gallbladder Musculoskeletal: Arthritis (early or late), arthralgias

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur

Faraldsfræði - börn < 5 ára (90 %), sjaldg > 12 ára - dr > st (1.5) - tíni í USA: 6,2 / 100.000 börn < 5ára þekkt tíðni allt að 20 / 100.000 börn - þekktar epidemiur - algengast síðla vetrar - dánartíðni 4% ef < 1árs, annars 1%

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur árssveiflur

Kawasaki´s sjúkdómur greining og meðferð

Orsök Sýking erfðaþættir ónæmisþættir umhverfisþættir ofnæmisviðbrögð

Rannsóknir Bl.status Hvít:yfirl hækkuð Hb: stundum lækkað Blóðflögur: eðlilegar fyrst, hækka síðan, oft verulega ( > 10E6/mL) (ath hættu á MI) Sökk: of verul hækkað Liver enzymes: stundum hækkuð Þvag: hvít blk EKG MI ? Echocardiogram:

Greiningarskilmerki fyrir Kawasaki sjúkdóm Fimm atr af sex (í liðum 3 og 4 er eitt nægjanl. fyrir þann lið) 1. Fever lasting > 5 d 2. Bilateral conjunctivitis 3. Changes of lips and oral cavity a. Dry, red, fissured lips b. Strawberry tongue c. Diffuse erythema of mucous membranes 4. Changes of peripheral extremities a. Erythema of palms and soles b. Indurative edema of hands and feet c. Membranous desquam from fingertips 5. Polymorphous rash (primarily on trunk) 6. Acute nonpurulent swelling of cervical lymph-node to > 1.5 cm in diameter. Recommendations of the Japan MCLS Research Committee, 1974.

Meðferð - Gammaglóbúlín, 2 g/kg - Aspirin 30 - 100 mg/kg/d þar til hitinn hverfur 30 mg/kg/d í 4 vikur 3 - 5 mg/kg/d í allt a› ár - Dipyridamol 3 mg/kg/d ef aneurisma

High-risk factors for aneurysms Aldur: < 1 árs Kyn: karlk Blóðfl: > 1 million Hiti: Langvar hiti Sökk: Mjög hátt eða mjög lengi

LOK