Democracy

Voter Fraud & Voter Suppression How Election Fraud works in the real world Fraud attacks the process, rarely the vote California Political Reform Act (fppc.ca.gov) Electronic voting: Hacking v. Error Voting Rights Act Shelby County v. Holder (statute of limitations on voter suppression)

Gerrymandering & Disenfranchisement Courts more likely to conclude gerrymandering is unconstitutional based on race than on party affiliation “The 2010 redistricting cycle produced some of the worst partisan gerrymanders on record. The technology will only get better, so the 2020 cycle will only get worse.” - Justice Kagan, concurring, Gill v. Whitford, 2018

Sovereignty v. Representation Both the Electoral College and US Senate give greater power to low populations states (usconstitution.net) Historic Reasons: Founding Fathers thought it would work well (although they didn’t initially plan on the party system – 12th amendment) States were the equivalent of sovereign nations Slavery

Splitting up California

Modern Information Warfare Instant global communication Russian influence Our Choices