Nov. 3, 2017 You need: -Clean paper (2) / pencil -Motion Notes Warm Up: Convert these…show your work. 9.08 km = __________ dkm 0.073 hm = ____________ dm I CAN: convert units within the metric system (to help describe motion).

Conversion in the METRIC system… NAME! RIGHT Kilo Hecto km Deka hm dkm deci LEFT centi Meter Liter Gram dm milli cm mm

Motion – Occurs when an object changes _____________ relative to a _____________ ____________. position point reference

-Distance: how ________ an object has traveled. -Displacement: ______________ and _____________ of an object’s change in position from the starting point. far distance direction

Speed – the _________________ an object travels per unit of _________________. Also known as the ____________ of change in position. distance time rate

So…what is motion? Motion is a change in position over time!!

So…what is motion? Distance If you change your position, then you have traveled some distance.

So…what is motion? Distance How fast you travel that distance is your speed! (Speed is the RATE at which you change position).

How can we describe motion? Motion can be described by: DISTANCE (how far did it travel?) TIME (how long did it travel?) SPEED (how fast did it travel?) DIRECTION (which way did it go?) ACCELERATION (does the motion change?)

Conversion in the METRIC system… NAME! RIGHT Kilo Hecto km Deka hm dkm deci LEFT centi Meter Liter Gram dm milli cm mm

The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance.

Be careful! When measuring, make sure to use the actual scale on the ruler – not just the end of the ruler.

Marble / Ramp Experiment The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance.

Energy Energy is what makes things move or change. What do you know? What do you think? Energy is what makes things move or change. 1. Ask students to share examples of energy and to explain what they think about it. Accept all answers without correction. 2. Hold a book a few feet above a table, as still as possible. Ask the class if the book has energy? Again, accept all answers. Drop the book and repeat the question. 3. Introduce a working definition of energy: “Energy is what makes things move or change.” Explain that we will explore energy during the next several activities.

What did you observe? What did you measure? What happens if you change the ramp?

Marble on Ramp Experiment Height Distance 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm

Marble on Ramp Experiment Ht Dist 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm

What patterns do we see? Why? Potential Energy As you lift the marble up (to the top of the ramp), you are doing work – against the force of gravity. The work done is stored in a form of energy known as POTENTIAL ENERGY. Also thought of as “Energy of Position”

Does Potential Energy stay as Potential? Kinetic Energy As the marble starts to move, potential energy now becomes KINETIC ENERGY or “energy of motion”

Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

We agreed that the height influenced the distance traveled. Would the mass/weight of the marble make a difference? Why or why not?

In math terms… Distance Speed = Time A “change in position over time” is the same as saying: Distance Speed = Time

Speed = d Distance Time s t

D S T Speed = Distance Time Time = Distance Speed Distance = Speed x Time D S T

What does “speed” mean? Some examples of speed: 60 miles/hour 100 meters/minute Let’s break it down… If you travel 60 miles per hour, how far do you travel in 1 hour? 60 miles/hour is the same as 60 miles 1 hour

Let’s practice calculating speed If you travel 100 km in 2 hours, what is your speed? Speed = Distance Time Distance = 100 km Time = 2 hours Speed = 100 km 2 h Speed = 50 km/h

Practice problems: possible exit ticket?

But what if we don’t have a steady speed?   Type Description Example 1 Instantaneous 2 Average 3 Constant

Instantaneous speed Speed at a given point in time…at a particular INSTANCE. Example: Driving the car and you look down at the speedometer. Driving home and the “speed” at a stop sign.

Average speed Total distance traveled divided by the total time. So you are finding the AVERAGE. Example: As you drive home, you stop at stop signs/redlights. You go faster on straight paths. Taking a road trip. It may last 4 hours – but you are not at the same speed for the entire time.

Constant speed Speed that does not vary or change. It is CONSTANT. Example: Putting your car on cruise control (to maintain a steady speed). Remember that the opposite of constant is changing or VARIABLE.