The Writing Process
WRITING AS PROCESS: AN OVERVIEW Think of writing as a process: a set of activities you go through to produce a finished product. This process has three distinct stages: Planning and Shaping, Drafting, and Revising/ Editing.
PLANNING AND SHAPING Find a focus that fits your purpose and audience before you start. Gather ideas: Keep a journal. Brainstorm or jot down lists of ideas. Free writing - let your mind go. Mind mapping / idea trees. 5 Ws - (Who, What, When, Where, and Why) Outlining
WRITING OR DRAFTING Getting your ideas into visible form: Prioritize your ideas. Write complete sentences. Divide text into paragraphs. Organize paragraphs into Introduction, Body and Close.
EDITING: EVALUATING YOUR DRAFT CRITICALLY AND MAKING CHANGES Large-scale changes: adding text, cutting, replacing words/phrases, rearranging parts. Editing: checking the correctness of grammar, spelling, punctuation and mechanics. Proofreading: are there any typos? Page one took me one hour from start to save.
WRITING AS PROCESS: LET’S COMPARE METHODS Think of the most unusual or eccentric person you have ever met. In 20 minutes, write a paragraph describing this person to your classmates. Concentrate on getting each sentence right as you go. Do not rewrite your paragraph.
PLANNING AND SHAPING: PART I About your person, answer these questions: When/where did you meet? What does he or she look/sound like? Face/ clothing/ hair/ body/ language/ accent? What are his or her tastes in movies/ books/ music/ food/ cars? How did he or she surprise/ teach/ inspire you? Why should your classmates be interested in him or her?
PLANNING AND SHAPING: PART II Close your eyes and imagine “X” doing something he or she typically does. Imagine every detail. Freewrite for 5 minutes about your image. Write quickly. Don’t edit as you go - just put down the words as fast as you can. If you get stuck, just write “I’m stuck, I’m stuck…” until you think of something.
DRAFTING FOCUSING: Look at your free writing paragraph. Take a new page and write down in one sentence “X”’s single most striking/ unusual feature. DRAFTING: Write a paragraph developing the idea you just wrote down. Use any relevant details from your list or free writing.
REVISING & EDITING REVISING: Your classmates are the audience. Will you need additional detail for them to visualize what you mean? Make those additions now. EDITING: Check your paragraph for correctness of sentence structure, grammar, spelling and punctuation and correct errors now.
How will you use this information when you write? COMPARISON Reread the paragraph you wrote without going through the process and compare it to the “processed” one. How do they differ? Which one is better? If the “processed” paragraph is better, which phase of the process helped you most? How will you use this information when you write? 1/8/03 one hour
GRANT WOOD’S AMERICAN GOTHIC
AMERICAN GOTHIC: WRITING AS PROCESS EXERCISE Look carefully at the picture provided of American Gothic, the famous painting by artist Grant Wood (1892-1942). Notice the details and mood of the composition. Prepare to use the four process steps to write about the painting: Planning and Shaping Drafting Revising Editing
Review your list of details. PLANNING AND SHAPING Use single words or phrases to describe the following aspects of the painting: Background/ sky/ house/ shed People/ facial expressions/ hair/ eyes/ pitchfork/ hand How are the people similar? Different? What is their relationship to each other? Review your list of details. Answer this question in a single complete sentence: What central impression do the details seem to convey?
DRAFTING Write your sentence out at the top of a new sheet of paper. Write a draft of a paragraph supporting your sentence. Include as many details from your list as you can.
REVISING DETAIL: How have the details you mentioned help create the central impression of the painting? ORGANIZATION: Is your paragraph organized? Coherent? Does it support your core sentence? WORD CHOICE: Are your words precise? Replace any fuzzy words with more precise ones.
EDITING Review your paragraph for correctness of sentence structure, grammar, spelling and punctuation. Make any necessary changes.