Human body systems part II Ch. 30 Digestive System Ch. 32 Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary Ch. 34 Endocrine and Reproductive
Chapter 30.3 Digestive System Functions A. B. Processed in four phases: ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
Chapter 30.3 Digestive System 1. Ingestion “putting food into the system” opening to the digestive tract 2. Digestion food broken down in 2 ways: 1. Mechanical: physical breakdown of food 2. Chemical: enzymes break down food into small molecules body can use
Chapter 30.3 Digestive System 3. Absorption Once broken down, absorbed by cells in small intestine 4. Elimination cannot digest/absorb all substances i.e. Cellulose: travel through large intestine and eliminated as feces
Chapter 30.3 Digestive System Travelling Food 1. Mouth: teeth tear and grind food into small pieces. 2. Esophagus: bolus travels (OREO) to stomach Food is squeezed through peristalsis. 3. Stomach: muscle contractions churn and break food and forms liquid chyme.
Chapter 30.3 Digestive System 4. Small Intestine: bile, made in liver is released from gallbladder to small intestine. Aids in fat digestion 5. Large Intestine: aka “colon” Absorbs water as undigested material moves through and removed as feces.
Chapter 32.1Skeletal System Functions A. Supports the body B. Protects internal organs C. Assists movement D. Stores minerals E. Site of blood cell formation
Chapter 32.1Skeletal System Bones solid network of living cells protein fibers surrounded by calcium salts deposit Joints contain connective tissues that hold bones together Allows bones to move without damage immovable, slightly movable, freely movable
Chapter 32.2 Muscular System Skeletal Responsible for voluntary movements: dancing, winking an eye—many nuclei controlled by Central Nervous System (CNS)
Chapter 32.2 Muscular System Smooth no striations, single nucleus responsible for pushing out baby out of uterus movements are involuntary i.e. stomach, blood vessels, intestines
Chapter 32.2 Muscular System Cardiac
Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System Skin
Functions Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System Protection Body Temperature regulation Excretion sweat contains urea and salts Information gathering pressure, heat, cold, pain Vitamin D production
Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System Structure 1. Epidermis 2 layers: outer (dead cells) and inner (living cells) 2. _______ contain collagen, blood vessels, glands… 3. Hair (keratin, follicles) protect scalp 4. Nails grows at average rate of 3 mm/month in cell division, the cells of nail root fill with keratin producing platelike nail for protection
Components Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System made up of glands that release hormones into the blood hormones deliver messages throughout the body
Hormones Glands produces & releases a substance Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System Hormones control reproduction, _________, growth, and development through substances Glands produces & releases a substance
Exocrine release secretions through ducts (tube-like structures) Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System Exocrine release secretions through ducts (tube-like structures)
Endocrine releases hormones directly into __________. Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System Endocrine releases hormones directly into __________. transports to body
Closing on the notecard: