W. C. Bae, Ph. D. , V. W. Wong, B. S. , J. Hwang, M. S. , J. M

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Wear-lines and split-lines of human patellar cartilage: relation to tensile biomechanical properties  W.C. Bae, Ph.D., V.W. Wong, B.S., J. Hwang, M.S., J.M. Antonacci, M.S., G.E. Nugent-Derfus, Ph.D., M.E. Blewis, M.S., M.M. Temple- Wong, Ph.D., R.L. Sah, M.D., Sc.D.  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 841-845 (July 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.015 Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 (A) Split-lines (arrows) in human patellar cartilage are visible after pricking the articular surface with a conical awl, and oriented in (B) lateral-to-medial and (C) proximal-to-distal directions in the proximal and the lateral facets, respectively. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 841-845DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.015) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 (A) Wear-lines (arrows) in human patellar cartilage are visible after India ink staining of the articular surface, and oriented in the proximal-to-distal direction throughout the surface of the patella, including (B) lateral and (C) proximal facets. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 841-845DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.015) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 (A) Tensile samples can be prepared to yield four unique orientations with respect to the split-line and the wear-line orientations. (B) Predicted outcomes assuming dominance of either wear-line or split-line effects to lower tensile integrity. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 841-845DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.015) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 (A) Equilibrium and (B) ramp moduli of four types of tensile samples, with unique directionality with respect to the split-line and the wear-line orientation (mean±s.e.m.). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 841-845DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.015) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions