Organic Compounds All of the above compounds are organic! Which of the following compounds do you think are organic? vinegar acetone alcohol propane laundry detergent rubber Round-up weed killer gasoline cork polyester wool nylon cotton motor oil olive oil charcoal wood plastic paper nail polish leather Organic = all carbon containing compounds (produced naturally by organisms or synthesized in lab) All of the above compounds are organic! Some inorganic compounds include: table salt ionic compounds most “rocks” all metals metal alloys glass minerals concrete clay

Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that contain CARBON. Almost all carbon-containing compounds are organic, both natural and synthetic. Inorganic compounds generally DO NOT contain carbon Over half of all known compounds are classified as organic Exceptions: CO & CO2 are inorganic ionic carbonates (-CO3) and carbides (-C) are all inorganic

Carbon is very versatile due to its 4 valence electrons Carbon is very versatile due to its 4 valence electrons. (allows for 4 bonds) C 4 H + Carbon is usually bonded to H, O, or other non-metals Since carbon can form 4 bonds  complex branched chain structures and cage like structures Polymer – made up of many molecules bonded together to form long chains Carbon can bond with itself to form long chains of carbon atoms (polymers; eg: petroleum & plastics) Organic compounds always have C before H in their formulas (eg: CH4)

Hydrocarbons Contain only C and H atoms polyethylene C5000H10000 Methane is simplest form Hydrocarbons are flammable (methane and ethane are gases at room temperature) (propane and butane are gases but easily turn to liquids under pressure  fuels for bunsen burners, lighters) The larger the molecule of a hydrocarbon, the more easily it becomes a liquid polyethylene C5000H10000 (plastic) Hydrocarbons are flammable and many are used as fuels See table 5.8 (page 247 in textbook) or page 96 in workbook

Alcohols Contain C, H and O atoms Methanol, called wood alcohol, is a poison that is useful as a solvent  liquid that can dissolve substances ex. Permanent black marker ink can be removed w/ methanol Ethanol  used as disinfectant and in beverages  ethanol is poison in large amounts Isopropyl alcohol aka rubbing alcohol, used in sterilizing pads  poisonous to drink but small amounts on skin can be used as disinfectant All alcohols are poisonous and flammable See table 5.9 (page 248 in textbook) or page 97 in workbook

Assignment Homework: Read Workbook Pages 95-97 Complete Workbook Pages 98-101