How well did the Bill of Rights address the concerns of the Anti-Federalists?

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Recap Work on Constitution ratification, 1787 Federalists supported constitution Stressed weakness of Articles of Confederation Only stronger central government would solve current problems Anti-Federalists opposed constitution Opposed increased power of central government Opposed lack of a bill of rights that guaranteed individual freedoms Opposed 9 state ratification process

The Role of the Bill Rights Anti-federalists were willing to compromise for Bill of Rights Guarantee essential freedoms for Americans Federalists promised to add Bill of Rights to Constitution to gain support for ratification Constitution ratified in 1788 9/13 ratified Work on Bill of Rights begins shortly after: Amendments introduced, 1789 Bill of Rights ratified by 1791

How well did the Bill of Rights address the concerns of the Anti-Federalists?

Keep Religion Out of Politics 1st Amendment Establishment Clause No church or religion recognized as national religion by central government Designed to promote unity between people by allowing them to keep personal beliefs Without a say in religion, central government could hopefully be kept separate from religion

Keeping Government in Check 1st Amendment Freedom of speech and freedom of press clauses Allows people to speak against government Allows people to publish information about the government 2nd Amendment Right to bear arms Viewed as essential to avoid oppressive governments Guns protect individuals from tyrants However, at the time, people had muskets…not machine guns... Should this right come without restrictions?

Protection from Intrusion 3rd Amendment Citizens not required to house soldiers

Due Process Amendments 4th Amendment Law enforcement cannot search or seize property without probably cause or warrant 5th Amendment Innocent until proven guilty Cannot testify against self Cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law 6th Amendment Entitled to trial by jury in criminal cases Accused must be informed of nature of accusation Must be able to have lawyer and ability to face witnesses 7th Amendment Trial by jury in civil cases 8th Amendment No cruel or unusual punishment

Rights Retained by People and States 9th Amendment Right not guaranteed in Bill of Rights are not eliminated 10th Amendment Any right not given to central government belongs to states