Seamanship: Sea Terms SCC_SM_SeaTerms_P By the end of this session cadets will be able to: Explain and identify the principle parts of a ship Explain and identify the other parts of a ship Explain and identify the other sea terms Supports SM01 Seamanship Terms T01 Seamanship Specialisation 3rd class NE04 New Entrant Seamanship Terms SCC_SM_SeaTerms_P

Aft Forward Stem Waist Foc’stle Hull Stern Quarter Deck Bow Amidships

The very back of the ship Waist The very front of the ship Stern Stem The very back of the ship Waist The very front of the ship Deck in the middle of the upper deck between the Quarterdeck and Forecastle Quarterdeck Amidships The surface of the Hull between the Bow and the Quarter (towards the stern) The deck in the aft part of the ship Aft Forward Fo’cstle (Fore Castle) The direction towards the back of the ship The direction towards the front of the ship Deck in the fore part of the ship above the bow Bow Hull The curved surface of the either side of the stem Main body of the ship

Fore and Aft centre line Starboard side Deck Athwartships Fore and Aft centre line Beam Fore and Aft line Fo’csul/Fo’cstle Port side

Fore and Aft centre line Starboard side Fo’csul Fore and Aft centre line “Forecastle” deck at the fore part of the ship, above the bow The line joining the middle of the stem and stern Right-hand side of a ship when facing forwards Port side Fore and Aft line Deck Any line which runs lengthways in the ship from end-to-end and parallel with Fore and Aft centre line Left-hand side of a ship when facing forwards Any surface underfoot Athwartships Beam Direct across the ship from side to side Widest part of the ship

Bridge Beam Bilge Draught Athwartships Part of the ship from where it is controlled and commanded by the Captain Beam Bilge Widest part of the ship, from side to side Draught Athwartships outer surface of a ship's hull where the bottom curves to meet the vertical sides The depth of the vessel at its lowest point – below the waterline Directly across the ship from side to side

Brow Gangway Gangway The position in the ship’s side by which the ship is entered or left. It also is a passageway and often used, incorrectly, to describe a Brow Brow A narrow platform placed between the ship and the shore for embarkation (getting on) and disembarkation (getting off) a ship

Deck Heads Ladder Bulkheads Hatch

Deckhead Bulkhead Hatch Ladder The ceiling of a compartment Bulkheads Deck Heads Ladder Hatch Bulkhead Walls of a compartment or structure Hatch Am opening in the deck to give access to the compartment above/below Ladder Allows vertical access

What is this? What is this? What is ‘awash’? What is ‘way’?

Flooded or level with the surface of the sea What is this? Heads Ships toilet What is this? Galley Ships Kitchen What is ‘awash’? Flooded or level with the surface of the sea What is ‘way’? Movement or momentum through the water

Flooded or level with the surface of the sea What is this? Heads Ships toilet What is this? Galley Ships Kitchen What is ‘awash’? Flooded or level with the surface of the sea Headway – forwards motion Sternway – backwards motion What is ‘way’? Movement or momentum through the water

Seaman-like in appearance – tidy and ready to use Adrift? _________________? Seaman-like in appearance – tidy and ready to use

Broken free/away or no longer attached, driven at random by wind/tide Adrift? Broken free/away or no longer attached, driven at random by wind/tide _Shipshape_? Seaman-like in appearance – tidy and ready to use

What is the “Upperdeck”? What is the “Belay”?

What is the “Upperdeck”? The highest complete deck (except on aircraft carriers) usually including the forecastle and Quarterdecks What is “Belay”? To make fast or attach e.g. belay a rope to a cleat Also… To stop or cancel

Compass Bearings A compass bearing is a direction relative to North. A compass bearing is normally given in degrees. A degree, usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees. Why 360o in a circle is unknown but there are many theories. One theory states that it is related to the fact that 360 is approximately the number of days in a year, other theories are far more scientific and mathematical based. For our purposes we need to understand 360o = a full circle. The 360o also relates to four (4) cardinal directions (north, south east and west). Compass points are 90o from each other (360/4).

Cardinal Directions (Bearings) The cardinal directions (North, South, East and West) can be further broken down into any number of inter-cardinal points for example North East (half way between North and East). In the main we refer to eight (8) principal points (North [N], South [S], East [E], West [W], North East [NE], North West [NW]. South East [SE] and South West [SW]. Compass points are 45o from each other as a result (360/8). In metrology (wind compass) they work on the basis of sixteen (16) points by including sub-divisions between the 8 principal points as shown in the diagram above. Compass points are 22½o from each other as a result (360/16).

Relative bearings 180o 0o 135o 90o 45o In nautical navigation the relative bearing of an object is the clockwise angle in degrees from the heading of the vessel to a straight line drawn from the observation station on the vessel to the object. We also use names of the boat to indicate direction. Beam: widest part of the boat from Port to Starboard. Port modern term (from 1844), replacing Lardboard) to indicate side of ship used to tie up to the port, the other Starboard (links old Norse stýri (rudder) and borð (side of a ship) from history when the rudder was over the side of the ship and not on the centre-line. Port is indicated by red and starboard by green – these help identification the direction a boat is travelling at night. Ahead Off the port bow Abeam to port Off the starboard bow Off the starboard quarter Aft 0o 45o 90o Abeam to starboard 135o 180o Off the port quarter

Relative bearings 180o 0o 135o 90o 45o Relative bearing can also be given by reference to their colour and direction (degrees) excluding any leading zero, for example Red 135, Red 45, Green 5 with ahead (0) being directly in front and 180 being directly behind. Ahead Off the port bow Abeam to port Off the starboard bow Off the starboard quarter Aft 0o 45o 90o Abeam to starboard 135o 180o Off the port quarter

Relative bearings On the quarter? On the Bow? 180o 0o 135o 90o 45o Ahead Off the port bow Abeam to port Off the starboard bow Off the starboard quarter Aft 0o 45o 90o Abeam to starboard 135o 180o Off the port quarter Ahead? Astern? Abeam?

Midway between abeam and Astern On the Bow? Relative bearings On the quarter? Midway between abeam and Astern On the Bow? Midway between Ahead and Abeam Ahead Off the port bow Abeam to port Off the starboard bow Off the starboard quarter Aft 0o 45o 90o Abeam to starboard 135o 180o Off the port quarter Ahead? Directly ahead Astern? Directly behind Abeam? Directly at right angles to the Fore and Aft centre line (Port and Starboard)

Name Date What is the stern? What is the curved surface of the hull either side of the Stem? Where is the Starboard side? Fore and Aft line What is the Brow? What is the position in the ships side where you get on/off the ship? What is often confused by the Gangway? What is the hull above the water called What is the draught? What is? If North is 0o, what is 270o? Where is RED 135? Where s 0? Where is 180? What colour is Port? What is Green?

Name Date What is the stern? The very back of the ship What is the curved surface of the hull either side of the Stem? Bow Where is the Starboard side? The right-hand side looking forwards Fore and Aft line Is any line which runs lengthways in the ship from end to end – parallel to the Fore and Aft centre line What is the Brow? Narrow platform between the ship and the shore used for embarkation and disembarkation What is the position in the ships side where you get on/off the ship? Gangway What is often confused by the Gangway? Brow What is the hull above the water called Freeboard (not covered elsewhere) What is the draught? Depth of the ship below the water line at its lowest point What is? If North is 0o, what is 270o? West Where is RED 135? Where s 0? Where is 180? What colour is Port? Red What is Green? Starboard