Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 63-69 (March 2018) Protective effects of Artemisia campestris extract against gastric acid reflux-induced esophageal mucosa injuries  Mohamed-Amine Jabri, Haifa Tounsi, Afifa Abdellaoui, Lamjed Marzouki, Hichem Sebai  Pathophysiology  Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 63-69 (March 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001 Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Phenolic compounds found in Artemisia campestris aqueous extract (ACAE). Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Esophageal histology showing the protective effects of Artemisia campestris aqueous extract (ACAE) and (FAM) famotidine, and gallic acid (GA) on GER-induced esophageal. Animals were treated with vehicle (H2O), various doses of ACAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) or FAM (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) during 6 h after esophagitis induction. (A) Control; (B) GER; (C, D and E) GER + ACAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) respectively and (F) GER + FAM (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.). Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effect of ACAE and famotidine (FAM) on GER-induced esophageal lipoperoxydation. Animals were treated with vehicle (H2O), various doses of ACAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) or FAM (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) during 6 h after esophagitis induction. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 10). a: p < 0.05 compared to the control group, b: p < 0.05 compared to the esophagitis group c: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-100 group and d: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-200 (ANOVA test). Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Effect of ACAE and famotidine (FAM) on GER-induced disturbance in esophageal thiol groups level. Animals were treated with vehicle (H2O), various doses of ACAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) or FAM (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) during 6 h after esophagitis induction. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 10). a: p < 0.05 compared to the control group, b: p < 0.05 compared to the esophagitis group c: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-100 group and d: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-200 (ANOVA test). Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Effect of ACAE and famotidine (FAM) on GER-induced disturbance in esophageal antioxidant enzyme activities: (A) superoxide dismutase (SOD), (B) catalase (CAT), and (C) glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Animals were treated with vehicle (H2O), various doses of ACAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) or FAM (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) during 6 h after esophagitis induction. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 10). a: p < 0.05 compared to the control group, b: p < 0.05 compared to the esophagitis group c: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-100 group and d: p < 0.05 compared to ACAE-200 (ANOVA test). Pathophysiology 2018 25, 63-69DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001) Copyright © 2018 Terms and Conditions