Changing Populations Geography of Canada

Changing Populations Demographics Disasters

Canadian Immigration Patterns Immigration to Canada has had periods of boom and bust. These were caused by events that occurred both in Canada and in other countries. When? What Happened? Why? 1840s Arrival of thousands of Irish settlers Irish potato crop fails; facing starvation, many Irish move to Canada and other countries 1905-1914 Massive immigration from Eastern Europe to the Canadian West Canadian Government wanted to settle the Prairies; offered free land and other incentives to immigrants

Canadian Immigration Patterns When? What Happened? Why? 1915-1919 Little immigration World War I and worldwide influenza epidemic 1930 – 1945 Worldwide economic depression and World War II 1945-1950 Many Italians come to Canada World War II devastated Italy; Italians searched for economic opportunities in Canada

Canadian Immigration Patterns When? What Happened? Why? 1956 Many Hungarians come to Canada Hungarian revolt against the Russians failed; refugees fled to Canada to avoid punishment 1980 – 1997 Arrival of thousands of Hong Kong Chinese Resident of Hong Kong sought political stability before China took control of Hong Kong in 1997

Natural Disasters Humans are impacted greatly by nature in many different ways. The most sudden and violent confrontations between humans and nature are when natural disasters occur. The organizer below highlights a few recent notable natural disasters. Location & Date Event Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts Indian Ocean (13 countries) December 2004 Tsunami 350 000 casualties 1.5 million homeless $billions damages Rebuilding further inland, warning systems Ontario, Quebec, & East January 1998 Ice Storm 28 casualties $5 billion damages 4 million w/o power Respect for Canadian Forces response, grid improvements

Natural Disasters Location & Date Event Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts New Orleans, United States August 2005 Hurricane (Katrina) 1000s deaths (?) $100 billion damages (?) Hurricane preparedness & building requirement improvements Izmet, Turkey August 1999 Earthquake 17 200 casualties $12 billion damages Emergency response improvements, quality electrical grids work Soufrière Hills, Montserrat June 1997 Volcano 20 deaths 2/3 population fled island Better prediction technology, renewed infrastructure

Human Disasters Unfortunately, there are times that major disasters are created by humans. The organizer below highlights a few recent notable human disasters. Location & Date Event Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts New York City, United States September 2001 Terrorist Attack 2985 deaths WTC collapse $23 billion govt costs Rebuilding smaller towers, heightened security levels Chernobyl, Ukraine April 1986 Nuclear Accident 48 deaths 309 injuries 271 000 evacuated Improving reactor design, east & west cooperation

Human Disasters Location & Date Event Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts London, United Kingdom July 2005 Bombings 52 deaths 700 injuries Transportation systems’ security heightened Ontario and Eastern United States August 2003 Blackout 8 deaths $6.4 billion in earnings 50 million w/o power Grid improvements, neighbourhood strengthening Iraq March 2003 – Present Invasion 28 277 deaths (Ju 2005) 13 559 US injured $147 billion (Jan 2005) Elected government, economic trade improvements

Impacts of Disasters on Humans