Wind Most common in dry regions 2 main forms Deflation Abrasion (sandblasting)

Deflation Wind blows away small loose sediments

Sandblasting or Abrasion Wind blows sand or silt grains against other rocks More effective at lower heights Results in an appearance that is Frosted Pitted

Erosion by Glaciers Glacier Naturally formed mass of ice or snow that moves downhill due to gravity

Types of Glaciers Mountain Glaciers Continental Glaciers

Glacial Movement Glacial advance Glacial retreat More snow & ice accumulate than melt Glacial retreat Melting occurs faster than the snow & ice are added

Characteristics of Glacial Erosion Grooves and scratches in the rock Erratics Large sediment that seem out of place

U-Shaped Valleys Rocky River, Jasper National Park, Alberta.

Glacial Landscape Features Horn Cirque Bowl-shaped Basins

Matterhorn

Waves and Current Erosion Waves are energy disturbances in water Caused by: Wind Fetch Distance the wind blows on the water

Longshore Current Waves hit the beach at an angle Net result is movement of the sand in one direction

Jetties Structures built to slow sand movement

Shoreline Erosion Breakwater Built to try and slow erosion

Coastline Features Barrier Beach Spit Extension of sand

Human Causes of Erosion Construction Mining Deforestation Overgrazing Poor farming methods