Learning Objectives To recognize and identify biotic and abiotic influences on ecosystems To be able to interpret and analyze population data of predator & prey species
Biotic & Abiotic Influences on Ecosystems
Limiting Factors Determine the upper limit of a population size May be abiotic (temperature, amount of sunlight, access to water) or biotic (availability of food, mates)
Influence of Abiotic Factors All species can exist within a range of abiotic conditions, or factors This is called the tolerance range for the species Towards either end of the tolerance range, stress is experienced Within the range are optimal conditions
A wide tolerance range allows a species to be widely distributed and easily invade other ecosystems A narrow tolerance range means a species is found in only very specific types of ecosystems
Terrestrial species are largely influenced by such abiotic factors as temperature, precipitation, and light Aquatic species are influenced by salt concentration, depth, and the availability of light, oxygen, and nutrients
Influence of Biotic Factors Abiotic factors determine where a species can live Biotic factors determine the success of a species Many biotic factors involve species interactions such as……
Species Interactions: (make a table) Relationship Definition Example
Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Intraspecies competition Between individuals of the same species
Intraspecies Competition
Intraspecies Competition
Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Interspecies competition Between individuals of different species
Interspecies Competition
Interspecies Competition
One individual feeds on another Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Predation One individual feeds on another
Predation
Predation
Predation
Two individuals benefit each other Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Mutualism/ Symbiotic Two individuals benefit each other
Mutualism
Mutualism
Mutualism
Mutualism
Mutualism
One individual lives on / in another individual (a host), causing harm Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Parasitism One individual lives on / in another individual (a host), causing harm
Parasitism
Parasitism
One organism benefits, the host neither benefits nor is harmed Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example Commensalism One organism benefits, the host neither benefits nor is harmed
Commensalism
Commensalism
Commensalism
Carrying Capacity As population size increases, the demand for resources increases The maximum population of a species that an ecosystem can sustain is called the carrying capacity It can be altered naturally or by human activity
Your task: Page 46 #1 - 7 OH Deer Populations Graphical Analysis: