Cell Organelles

What is an organelle? Organelle – “little organs”; specialized structure that performs important cellular functions w/in eukaryotic cell ONLY FOUND IN EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Cell Membrane Regulates what goes in and out of the cell

Cytoplasm Liquid substance that contains organelles

1. Nucleus Directs/controls most cell functions; contains DNA Made of 3 parts: Nuclear Membrane (envelope) Chromatin Nucleolus

Nucleus NUCLEUS

Nucleus cont’d Nuclear Membrane - double membrane surrounding the nucleus; has pores regulates what comes in and out of cell Nuclear pores- holes in nuclear membrane Nucleolus - small dense region where ribosome assembly begins – stores extra ribosomes parts Chromatin - loose form of DNA

3. Endoplasmic Reticulum Location where lipid components of cell membrane are assembled & proteins are modified ( transport system) 2 types: Rough ER - contain ribosomes for making proteins to be exported from the cell Smooth ER – (no ribosomes) contain enzymes that assemble membrane lipids

Endoplasmic Reticulum SMOOTH E R ROUGH E R

2. Ribosome Location where proteins are assembled (produced) RIBOSOMES

7. Mitochondria Site of cellular respiration (provides energy) Power house of the cell, provides energy MITOCHONDRIA

4. Golgi Apparatus Sorts & packages proteins for storage or export and repairs ER GOLGI APPARATUS

6. Vacuoles Store materials (waste, water, nutrients) VACUOLE

9. Centrioles (animal cells) organize cell division CENTRIOLES

5. Lysosome (animal) Filled w/ enzymes to break down food into molecules cells can use; also clean-up & “eat” old cell parts: suicide sac LYSOSOME

10. Chloroplast (plants & some protist) site of photosynthesis Traps sunlight to make sugar CHLOROPLAST

11. Cell Wall (all cells except animal cells) supports, protects, and gives shape to cell CELL WALL

What do you think this is ?? 8. Cytoskeleton Protein filaments that help the cell maintain its shape CELL MEMBRANE CYTOSKELETON What do you think this is ??

Journey into a Cell http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IqsE8CVTms

Flagella Pilli