Science final exam Study Guide

Bacteria are grouped into two kingdoms, archaebacteria and _____________.

Eubacteria

A cell that lacks a nucleus is called _________.

Prokaryotic

_________ break down molecules that your body cannot break down.

Bacteria

________ are used to kill large blooms of cyanobacteria in ponds & lakes.

antiseptics

Bacteria that cause diseases are known as ___________.

pathogens

Some bacteria produce thick walls around themselves called ___________.

endospores

What do bacteria NEVER have?

Membrane-bound organelles

Rod-shaped bacteria are called ________.

Bacilli

Which scientist was the 1st to observe bacteria using a microscope?

Antonie van leeuwenhoek

The gel-like substance covering some cyanobacteria enables them to _______________.

Live together in colonies

The type of bacteria which live in the intestinal tract of humans is _______.

eubacteria

Decomposing bacteria is called _______.

saprophytes

Name 3 main types of shapes of bacteria.

Rod, spiral, sphere

Through what asexual process can bacteria reproduce?

Fission

Since bacteria need to live in moist conditions, bacteria cannot live in food that has been _________ because the water has been removed.

Dehydrated

Another name fro the ring of dna inside bacteria is called ____________

ribosomes

A common name for cyanobacteria is _________ bacteria.

Blue-green

_________ are bacteria that live in extreme conditions.

Archaebacteria

An organism that lives in or inside a host is a ___________.

Parasite

Two foods that are made using helpful bacteria are ___________.

Sauerkraut & cheese

_________ is a disease you can get from eating contaminated canned foods.

botulism

Which planet has an atmosphere of thick clouds that trap solar energy and can get as hot as 470 degrees celsius?

venus

How many galaxies could be in the universe?

100 billion

Groups of stars that form patterns in the sky are ______________.

constellations

The great red spot refers to ___________________.

A giant storm on jupiter

The outer planets are often called ___________.

Gas planets

A large body of frozen ice and rock that travels toward the center of the solar system is a ________.

Comet

Give an example of a planet that supports life.

earth

A(n) _____________ is equal to 150 million km and is used to measure long distances.

Astronomical unit

The Earth gets between the Sun and the moon during a ___________.

Lunar eclipse

During a solar eclipse the ________ moves between the sun and the earth.

moon

Phases grow bigger during a _______moon

waxing

Phases are growing smaller during a _______ moon.

waning

The rotation of the earth on its axis causes ____________.

Day & Night

What is known as the brightest star in the sky?

sirius

What season is it when your part of the earth is tilted toward the sun?

summer

What season is it when your part of the earth is tilted away from the sun?

winter

What is caused by the tilt of the earth and the earth’s revolution?

seasons

What is the spinning of earth on its axis called?

rotation

How long does it take the moon to revolve around the earth?

27.3 days

How long does it take for the earth to revolve one time around the sun?

365 days

How long does it take the earth to rotate on its axis one time?

24 hours

The movement of earth around the sun is called its __________.

revolution

Earth is part of the ___________ galaxy.

Milky way

The ____________ separates the inner and outer planets.

Asteroid belt

________ is often called the red planet.

mars

The inner planets are mostly ______________.

Solid & made of minerals

Our __________ is made up of nine planets and numerous other objects that orbit the sun.

Solar system

The sun is the center of the ____________.

Solar system

Which of the following takes the least amount of time: Earth rotates once Earth revolves once The moon revolves once They all take the same amount of time

Earth rotates once