Cell Processes Study Guide Review

# 1 Diffusion is the movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, however, osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.

#2 Exocytosis is a type of active transport where the cell removes large particles from the cell. Endocytosis is the opposite of exocytosis because large particles are brought in instead of removed.

#3 3. Plants use photosynthesis to make glucose. 4. During cellular respiration, oxygen is used to break down food molecules releasing large amounts of energy. 5. Mitosis is when the nucleus and chromosomes are dividing. Cytokinesis is when the cell membrane (animal and plant) or the cell wall (plants) is dividing.

6. Active transport requires energy and passive transport does not. 7 6. Active transport requires energy and passive transport does not. 7. Cellular respiration creates energy using oxygen and photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. 8. C 9. A

10. D 11. C 12. Endocytosis and Exocytosis are both examples of active transport which requires energy because the particles are either too large to go through the cell membrane or are moving against the concentration gradient. 13. Photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast and cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria.

#14 Interphase: Chromosomes are copied. Mitosis Prophase – Chromosomes condense into rod like structures Metaphase – Chromosomes line up in the middle Anaphase – Chromosomes separate to opposite ends Telophase – Nuclear membranes form and chromosomes unwind Cytokinesis – Cell wall or membrane is formed (depends on the type of cell)

Chromosome Duplication #15 Cell Cycle Prokaryote Eukaryote Binary Fission 1. Interphase Chromosome Duplication 2. Mitosis 3. Cytokinesis

Mitosis Chart Name of stage or phase Drawing Description