Lesson 2: Cell Organelles Unit 4: Microbiology Lesson 2: Cell Organelles

Day 6: Bell Work What are the three parts of the cell theory? What is the difference between a multicellular organism and a unicellular organism? What are the 4 phases of mitosis? Describe each phase. Reminder: Make sure your timelines and mitosis flip charts are turned in by the end of the day.

Day 6: Standards and Objectives SC Standard Objectives 7.L.3A.2: Analyze and interpret data from observations to describe different types of cells and classify cells as plant, animal, protist, or bacteria. 7.L.3A.3: Develop and use models to explain how the relevant structures within cells (including cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, and vacuoles) function to support the life of plant, animal, and bacterial cells. It is essential that students be able to analyze and interpret data to describe and classify a cell as plant, animal, bacteria, or protest It is essential that students develop and use models to explain how various organelles within a cell function and relate their function to the cell’s overall survival.

Day 6 Agenda Bell Work Objectives Notes on Cell Orgnelles

A Day in a Cell If we could take a trip inside a cell and spend one day there, we would see all kinds of things. It would remind us of what a factory looks like. Let’s take a look: http://www.studiodaily.com/main/searchlist/6850.html

Basic Cell Structure All cells have 3 things: Cell membrane or plasma membrane Controls what comes in and out of cell DNA (the control center) The genetic information of the cell Cytoplasm/Cytosol The jelly-like substance which fills the inside

TEM picture of a real cell membrane. Cell Membranes All cells have a cell membrane Controls (regulates) what comes in and out of the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasis Provides protection and support for the cell TEM picture of a real cell membrane.

Organelles & Cell Parts The cytoplasm contains specialized structures called organelles. Organelles perform particular functions in order for the cell to work efficiently. Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum (rough & smooth) Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Chloroplasts Mitochondria Vesicle Centrioles Cilia Flagella

Nucleus and Nucleolus The nucleus contains the chromosomes. Controls the cell’s genetic information. The brain of the cell The nucleolus is in the nucleus, a small dense region The assembly of ribosomes begins here.

Ribosomes Ribosomes are organelles in the cell on which proteins are assembled. Made of Protein and RNA Can be “free” or attached to endoplasmic reticulum The manufacturing facility of the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Endoplasmic reticulum: (ER), the organelle in which part of the cell membrane is made. Rough ER: ribosomes attached, the part that is involved in making proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes attached, contains enzymes that perform specialized tasks like the synthesis of lipids.

The packaging facility of the cell The look like stacks of pancakes Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus: stack of membranes in the cell in which enzymes attach carbs and lipids to proteins When proteins are produced by ER they are moved to the Golgi Apparatus where the proteins are sorted and packaged. The packaging facility of the cell The look like stacks of pancakes

Vesicles Vesicles are small, membrane-bound proteins which transport materials, including proteins, around the cell. They move along tracks. They may fuse with the cell membrane. They are the trains of the cell.

Lysosomes Lysosomes are small organelles filled with enzymes Breaks down lipids, carbs, and proteins from food into useful particles. Can remove debris from cells. Trash truck of the cell

Mitochondria Mitochondria release energy from stored food molecules Uses sugar from food to make energy Contains its own DNA and can reproduce on its own. Found in both plant and animal cells Powerhouse of the cell http://multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu/

Assignment In your guided notes there is an animal cell that you will need to label and color. It is due 11/14 I will come around and check while you are doing Bell Work on 11/14

Day 7: The Plant Cell

Bell Work Which organelle is the “powerhouse” of the cell? Which organelle is the “dump truck” of the cell? Which organelle is the “manufacturing facility” of the cell?

Day 6: Standards and Objectives SC Standard Objectives 7.L.3A.2: Analyze and interpret data from observations to describe different types of cells and classify cells as plant, animal, protist, or bacteria. 7.L.3A.3: Develop and use models to explain how the relevant structures within cells (including cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, and vacuoles) function to support the life of plant, animal, and bacterial cells. It is essential that students be able to analyze and interpret data to describe and classify a cell as plant, animal, bacteria, or protest It is essential that students develop and use models to explain how various organelles within a cell function and relate their function to the cell’s overall survival.

Day 7 Agenda Bell Work Plant Cell Notes Introduction to Cell Projects

Chloroplasts Chloroplasts are found in plants use the energy from sunlight to make sugar Contain chlorophyll Contains its DNA and can reproduce on its own. Helps to make plants green

Cell Wall Cell wall lies outside the cell membrane and gives the cell support, protection, and strength. Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is very rigid.

Vacuoles Vacuoles are saclike structure that stores materials like water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates. Plants have a central vacuole filled with liquid to create pressure to make it possible to support heavy structures. Smaller vacuoles are called vesicles, which are found in animal cells.