Alexander the Great & Hellenistic Culture

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Presentation transcript:

Alexander the Great & Hellenistic Culture

Setting the Scene… After the Peloponnesian War, many Greek city-states were severely WEAKENED Rapid decline in military & economic power What are your predictions for ancient Greece???

Macedonia

Macedonia Large kingdom north of Greece Ruled by King Philip II Wanted to take control of Greece, as well as Persia

Macedonia In order to take control of Greece Phillip II trained a deadly army Meanwhile in Greece…

Macedonian Rule The Greeks realized that Philip was a threat, but could not agree on a course of action By the time an agreement had been made, it was too late King Philip successfully defeated Greece!

Macedonian Rule Greece was no longer independent; under Macedonian control When King Philip II died his son took control of the empire Alexander the Great

Macedonian Rule Alexander was determined to carry out the second part of his father’s plan INVADE PERSIA…

Alexander the Great

Accomplishments Successfully conquered Persia Successfully conquered/liberated Egypt from Persian control; founded the city of Alexandria

Failures Attempted to conquer India, but eventually failed After reaching Babylon, Alexander the Great died at the age of 32

Alexander’s Legacy HUGE CULTURAL IMPACT Blended many different cultures Resulted in a NEW culture: Hellenistic Culture

Alexander’s Legacy Hellenistic Culture: Greek + Persian + Egyptian + Indian influences

Hellenistic Culture

A New Language? New Language: Koine (comes from the Greek word for ‘common’) Allowed for a common means of communication throughout the Hellenistic world

Trade & Diversity Alexandria, Egypt: Located on the Nile River The cultural & trading center of Hellenistic civilization

Science & Technology Scholars in Alexandria preserved Greek & Egyptian learning in the sciences

Science & Technology Scientific Achievements: Sun BIGGER than the earth Earth & other planets REVOLVE around sun The circumference of earth (estimated 28,000; actual size  25,000)

Mathematics Euclid: Geometry Archimedes: Value of Pi, law of the lever Pythagoras: Pythagorean Theorem

Sculpture Flourished during the Hellenistic Age Statues were made to honor gods, commemorate heroes & portray ordinary people in everyday situations

Winged Victory of Samothrace. Laocoön

Decline of Hellenistic Culture

The Decline By 150 BC Hellenistic civilization was in decline… A new city called ROME was growing & gaining strength during this time

The Decline Through the city of Rome, Greek drama, architecture, sculpture & philosophy were preserved The CORE of western civilization…