Strategic Partnerships in Surgery: A Model for the US Selwyn M. Vickers, MD, FACS  Journal of the American College of Surgeons  Volume 226, Issue 4, Pages 345-354 (April 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.053 Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Political polarization. (Reprinted with permission from Pew Research.) Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2018 226, 345-354DOI: (10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.053) Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Individual partnerships. (A) W Dean Warren, MD (reprinted courtesy of Emory University); (B) Asa Yancey, MD (reprinted courtesy of Emory University); (C) Arnold G Diethelm, MD (reprinted courtesy of University of Alabama at Birmingham); (D) Herschell Hamilton, MD (reprinted courtesy of University of Alabama at Birmingham); (E) LaSalle Leffall, Jr, MD (reprinted courtesy of the American College of Surgeons); (F) Walter Ballinger II, MD (reprinted courtesy of University of Washington in St Louis); (G) Edward Cornwell, MD; (H) Arthur Donovan, MD (reprinted courtesy of USC Digital Library/Annette Del Zoppo); (I) John Cameron, MD (reprinted courtesy of the American College of Surgeons) (J) Steven Stain, MD (reprinted courtesy of the American College of Surgeons); (K) James O'Neill, MD (reprinted courtesy of Vanderbilt University Medical Center); (L) LD Britt, MD (reprinted courtesy of the LD Britt, MD Scholarship Fund); (M) Walter Pories, MD (reprinted courtesy of Vidant Health). Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2018 226, 345-354DOI: (10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.053) Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Homer G Phillips Hospital, established 1937. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2018 226, 345-354DOI: (10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.053) Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Intersocietal partnerships. SBAS, Society of Black Surgeons; SSA, Southern Surgical Association. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2018 226, 345-354DOI: (10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.053) Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions