Emphysema Lung Cancer Cirrhosis Lifestyle diseases Emphysema Lung Cancer Cirrhosis

Emphysema Over-inflation of the alveoli that decreases lung function Air sacs become less efficient and lungs become enlarged

Description continues Damage is irreversible Disease is often accompanied by other respiratory diseases

Most common among individuals older than 50 Population Most common among individuals older than 50 Men tend to have higher rates than women

The 4th most common cause of death in the US. Mortality The 4th most common cause of death in the US.

Smoking is responsible for 80-90% of COPD Risk factors Smoking is responsible for 80-90% of COPD Asthma, bronchitis and emphysema

Difficulty breathing during daily activities Signs and Symptoms Shortness of breath Coughing Difficulty breathing during daily activities

Signs and Symptoms Skipped breaths, difficulty sleeping, headaches, difficulty breathing lying down, chronic fatigue, swelling of feet, ankles or legs.

Any physical activity becomes difficult Long Term Effects Any physical activity becomes difficult Person may require an oxygen tank for the rest of their lives.

Makes the heart work harder------leads to Long Term Effects Makes the heart work harder------leads to Heart Damage Death

Barrel Chest

LUNG CANCER

Cancer- Vocabulary Cells rapidly divide when new cells are not needed. Extra mass is called a tumor

Benign Vocabulary Not cancerous and rarely life threatening Tumor can be removed and cells do not spread.

Malignant= cancerous Cells spread Vocabulary Malignant= cancerous Cells spread May enter the blood stream or the lymphatic system

Metastasis or to metastasize Vocabulary Metastasis or to metastasize How cancer spreads to other parts of the body

Vocabulary Lesion An area of diseased or abnormal tissue

Description Cells in the lung start to grow and divide rapidly It may begin anywhere in the lung Spreads easily

Population/ Mortality Most common cancer related cause of death

Risk Factors Smoking: Accounts for 87% of all lung cancer cases

What may happen to teens who smoke…….

Radon: 2nd leading cause of lung cancer Risk factors Radon: 2nd leading cause of lung cancer Can’t see or smell Need to have levels measured in the home

Work-related substances Risk Factors Work-related substances Carcinogens

None in early stages Advanced stages Signs and Symptoms Chronic Cough, hoarseness, coughing up blood, wheezing

Signs and Symptoms Weight loss Loss of appetite Shortness of breath Fever Repeated bouts of bronchitis/pneumonia and chest pain

Long Term Effects Increased risk of cancer spreading (75%) Side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy Death

Cirrhosis

Scar tissue replaces healthy tissue in the liver Description Scar tissue replaces healthy tissue in the liver Blocks blood flow through the organ

Prevents liver from working correctly Removing poisons from the blood Producing immune agents Removing bacteria from blood Producing bile to absorb fat and fat soluble vitamins

Population/Mortality 10th leading cause of death Kills:26,000 people per year

Excessive drinking Risk factors Greatest risk factor Develops after more than a decade of heavy drinking

Male- as few as 3-4 drinks per day Female-as few as 2-3 drinks per day Excessive drinking Male- as few as 3-4 drinks per day Female-as few as 2-3 drinks per day

20% of infected people develop cirrhosis within 20 years of infection Hepatitis 20% of infected people develop cirrhosis within 20 years of infection

Male tend to be affected more than women Gender Male tend to be affected more than women

Signs and Symptoms May not have any in early stages Lack of appetite, weight loss, nausea Small, red spider veins under skin or easy bruising

Weakness, fatigue Yellow of skin and eyes Dark cola colored urine Loss of interest in sex

Bleeding from engorged veins in esophagus or intestines Fluid in abdominal cavity--Ascites

Itching on hands and feet…entire body Mental confusion Forgetfulness Trouble concentrating

Long Term Effects Portal Hypertension Massive bleeding of esophagus or stomach Life threatening!! Ascites Hepatic Encephalopathy Brain poisoned by toxins