Aether Aerospace AAE 451 September 19, 2006 Propulsion PDR 1 Aether Aerospace AAE 451 September 19, 2006 Mark Davis Ashley Gordon Hank Kneitz Ryan Mulligan Joshua Rodewald Brandon Wampler Mathieu Hautier Samantha Pearcy

Overview Phase 1: Aircraft Subsystem Phase 2: Propeller Subsystem Phase 3: Gearbox and Motor Subsystems Phase 4: Battery Subsystem Optimization February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 1: Aircraft Subsystem February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 2: Propeller Subsystem Important Needed Propeller Parameters Pitch to Diameter Ratio: τ=p/D Thrust Coefficient: CT Power Coefficient: CP Advance Ratio: J=V/(nD) V – airspeed (ft/s) n – propeller frequency (hz) D – propeller diameter (ft) February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 2: Propeller Subsystem CT, CP, and J vary with τ Empirical data in propulsion sourcebook February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 2: Propeller Subsystem Data is plotted in constant β lines β is the prop. blade angle at 0.75R p=2πr*tan(β) τ=0.75π*tan(β) February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 2: Propeller Subsystem Now CT, CP, and J can be entered into Matlab code for a range of τ Data may be obtained from gold.m? Perform trade study for propeller diameter Determine max prop diameter February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 3: Gearbox and Motor Need to select a few motors Utilized Motocalc’s huge motor database http://motocalc.com/ Motor only! MotoCalc Suggestions Motor Battery Gear Prop Rating Price Mega ACn 16-25-4 12x3200SHD 3.5:1 12x6 1 $104.99 Plettenberg HP 370/20/A2 S 3:1 0.998 $299.00 Neu 1515/2Y-1100 11x3200SHD 0.996 $280.00 Medusa Research 028-056-1400 4:1 12x7 $99.95 Kontronik Tango 45-13 (12V) 0.995 $283.00 Aveox 27/39/2 10x3200SHD 4:01 0.994 $269.95 Neu 1509/1.5Y-2400 6x3200SHD 2P $195.00 Hacker B50 13XL $269.99 February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 3: Gearbox and Motor Reduced options to cheapest manufacturers Asked Motocalc for motors from Mega and Medusa Research Less Expensive Motors Motor Battery Gear Prop Rating Price Mega ACn 16-25-4 12x3200SHD 3.5:1 12x6 1 $104.99 Mega AC 22/30/3 11x3200SHD 0.991 $129.99 Mega ACn 16-25-3 9x3200SHD 4:1 0.987 Medusa Research 028-056-1400 12x7 $99.95 Medusa Research 028-056-0900 2.5:1 0.998 Medusa Research 028-056-2800 5x3200SHD 2P 0.993 February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 3: Gearbox and Motor These motors are underpowered Low top speed ~ 100 ft/sec Motocalc inputs are inexact For example: Which of these does your airfoil look like? Change Motocalc inputs to gain acceptable top speed from motors from Mega and Medusa. February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 3: Gearbox and Motor Motor Selection Must choose a motor that will satisfy the power requirement of the desired top speed. Utilize Matlab code to determine overall propulsion system with greatest efficiency February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Phase 4: Battery Determine energy required for different mission components Compare batteries Cell Type Volts mA*hr/cell g Energy (J) Energy/m (J/g) NiCad 1.2 1000 14 4320 308.6 NiMH 800 3456 246.9 Lithium Polymer 3.7 1500 36 19980 555.0 February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Optimization What needs to be done: Input CT, CP, and J values for a range of τ Create motor database with required motor parameters Loop Matlab code to determine the velocity, propeller, gear box, motor, and battery that produces the largest overall efficiency February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Optimization Revisit mission analysis and constraint diagram with the updated motor, drag, and flight condition information Repeat as needed February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Questions????????? February 17, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace