The Singapore Liveability Framework Wong Kai Yeng Member, Panel of Experts Centre for Liveable Cities Ministry of National Development, Singapore

Singapore today A global city and endearing home

Singapore in the 1950s & 1960s A country plagued with challenges of urbanisation

Singapore: A city-state’s challenges 5.40 Million Population of 5.54 mil Land area of 719 km2 Very limited natural resources Essential needs of a country for defence, accessibility (airport, sea port), basic survival (e.g. water supply and catchment)

Some Key Singapore Statistics S$69,050 per capita GDP* Compared to S$1,310 in the 1960s 1.9% unemployment rate* Compared to 8.6% in the 1960s * 2013 data from the Department of Statistics Singapore 90.5% home ownership 100% access to clean water Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

The CLC Liveability Framework Urban Systems Approach for planning and developing a liveable city Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance High Quality of Life Sustainable Environment Competitive Economy Systems (How’s) Outcomes (What’s) Integrated Master Planning & Development 1. Think long term 2. “Fight productively” 3. Build in flexibility 4. Execute effectively 5. Innovate systematically Dynamic Urban Governance 1. Lead with vision and pragmatism 2. Build a culture of integrity 3. Cultivate sound institutions 4. Involve the community as stakeholders 5. Work with markets

Competitive Economy City in a Garden Business Park Industrial City Knowledge Economy G D P G r o w t h High value added Industry Labour Intensive Manufacturing Entrepot Cleantech Park City in a Garden International Business Park Jurong Island Business Park Industrial City Singapore River Port City Industrial Parks Overcrowding Pollution Traffic Congestion Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Sustainable Environment 1. Adequate land, water and energy to meet long term needs. 2. Clean and good quality environment (Air, water, waste management, noise level). 3. Green & Healthy Eco-Systems 4. Resilient to Environmental Risks (Climate Change, Natural Disasters, Food Security) High Quality of Life Competitive Economy Sustainable Environment Outcomes (What’s) Systems (How’s) Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Sustainable Environment City in a Garden: Green Cover 1986 - 2010 Between 1986 and 2010, despite growth in population from 2.7 million to 5 million… The green cover in Singapore grew from 35.7% to almost 50% The green cover in Singapore in 1986

Sustainable Environment City in a Garden: Green Cover 1986 - 2010 Between 1986 and 2010, despite growth in population from 2.7 million to 5 million… The green cover in Singapore grew from 35.7% to almost 50% by 2010

Sustainable Environment Cleaning Up the Singapore River Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

+ Sustainable Environment Adequate Water to Meet Long Term Needs “Conserve Water” (MC Pricing) Imported Water + 4 National Taps “Water for All” 3P Approach “Conserve, Value, Enjoy” “Value Our Water” (Demand mgmt) Local catchment (2/3 of land area) “Enjoy Our Waters” (ABC Waters) Desalinated water (10% of demand) NEWater (30% of demand) Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Sustainable Environment Integrating Water with the Urban Environment Blue Map of Singapore asset. 17 reservoirs 32 rivers 7,000 km of waterways and drains

Sustainable Environment ABC Waters ABC (Active, Beautiful and Clean) at Bishan Park and Alexandra Canal Marina Barrage

Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance Quality of Life Safe & Secure living environment Cohesive & Diverse Society (Immigration & Integration) Equitable & Inclusive Society Public Health Standards Accessible, Adequate, Affordable and Diverse Essential, Social, Recreational & Cultural Needs High Quality of Life Competitive Economy Sustainable Environment Outcomes (What’s) Systems (How’s) Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities Quality of Life Public Housing Treelodge at Punggol Pinnacle@Duxton High-density & high rise HDB flats built in 1960s – 1970s when no other cities thought it was necessary. (> 80% ownership today) Purchase financially-aided through Central Provident Fund to help citizens to be self-reliant. Ensure social integration through mixture of flat types, quota. Keep community identities strong. Self-sufficient New Towns with schools, supermarkets, clinics, hawker centres, sports and recreational facilities. Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

New Integrated Developments Quality of Life New Integrated Developments New Integrated Developments Vibrant place with a sense of community Integrated seniors care, childcare, family development services Community gardens Punggol Woodlands Source: HDB, TNP, ST Graphics

Quality of Life Urban Mobility LTMP 2013 Project Est. Completion Cross Island Line By 2030 Jurong Region Line By 2025 Circle Line 6 North East Line Extension Downtown Line Extension

Quality of Life Greener, Healthier Mobility A greener and healthier alternative, increasingly popular for short distance travel and as ‘first/last-mile’ of public transport journey National Cycling Plan More than 700km of cycling paths island-wide by 2030 Active Mobility Joint initiative with ULI, and has sparked initiatives with LTA on cycling towns in Ang Mo Kio, Tampines etc Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance High Quality of Life Sustainable Environment Competitive Economy Systems (How’s) Outcomes (What’s) Integrated Master Planning & Development 1. Think long term 2. “Fight productively” 3. Build in flexibility 4. Execute effectively 5. Innovate systematically

Integrated Master Planning & Development Concept Plans Ring Plan structure High-density satellite towns built around central water catchment area Shaped the key transport developments – Changi Airport, MRT, expressways network 1971 Decentralisation strategy Commercial centres to be developed in different parts of Singapore Bring jobs closer to homes and alleviate congestion in the city centre Constellation Plan1991 Focused on providing a high quality living environment More housing options in the city to inject vibrancy into central area Set aside land in CBD for development of global financial hub

Dynamic Urban Governance Integrated Master Planning & Development Dynamic Urban Governance High Quality of Life Sustainable Environment Competitive Economy Systems (How’s) Outcomes (What’s) Dynamic Urban Governance 1. Lead with vision and pragmatism 2. Build a culture of integrity 3. Cultivate sound institutions 4. Involve the community as stakeholders 5. Work with markets Dynamic Urban Governance

Dynamic Urban Governance Leading with Vision and Pragmatism “After independence, I searched for some dramatic way to distinguish ourselves… I settled for a clean and green Singapore… for if we had First world standards, then businessmen and tourists would make us a base for their business and tours of the region.” - Lee Kuan Yew

Dynamic Urban Governance Build a Culture of Integrity Fiscal solvency and sustainability of projects Accountability to citizens Excellence in public sector

Dynamic Urban Governance Cultivate Sound Institutions Formal institutions Informal institutions or “norms” Public Service Week Merit-based system

Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities Dynamic Urban Governance Involve the Community as Stakeholders Source: PUB Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Dynamic Urban Governance Involve the Community as Stakeholders Marina Barrage Source: PUB

Dynamic Urban Governance Work with Markets Private sector called into service of the public sector Eg. energy market Continued public sector provision of water and majority of healthcare

Dynamic Urban Governance Government People and Communities Private Enterprise Lead with vision and pragmatism Build a culture of integrity Cultivate sound institutions Working with markets Involve community as stakeholders Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities

Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities www.clc.gov.sg Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities