Earth’s Motion, Shape and Spheres

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Motion, Shape and Spheres

How long is one rotation of Earth? Earth's Motions How long is one rotation of Earth? One day How long is one revolution of Earth? One year

Movement of Stars through the sky Rising and Setting Rotation of the Sun Rotation Rising and Setting of the Moon Movement of Stars through the sky Revolution Changing Constellations The Seasons

Earth's rate of rotation? How do you calculate Earth's rate of rotation? One rotation = 360° Time for one rotation = 24 hours 360° ÷ 24 = 15°/hr

How many degrees did the stars move from diagram 1 to diagram 2? 30° (2 hours x 15°)

It’s the only one that didn’t move How can you find Polaris? It’s the only one that didn’t move

Because Polaris can only been seen in the North What hemisphere must you be in? Why? Northern Because Polaris can only been seen in the North

What direction must you be looking? North

What direction do the stars appear to move?

What causes the stars appear to move?

Evidence for Rotation Foucault Pendulum Coriolis Effect

Evidence for Revolution Changing Constellations Parallax

Earth’s Spheres

Complete the Atmosphere Foldable

Complete the Earth as a Pizza Worksheet

Label the Continents and Oceans Activity

Shape of the Earth Earth is an oblate spheroid. Earth is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the Equator.

Proof of Earth’s Shape Ships sail over the curve of the Earth.

Proof of Earth’s Shape During a lunar eclipse, the Earth’s shadow is curved.

Proof of Earth’s Shape Photos from space.

it looks very, very, very, very, very, very, very ROUND. Although the Earth is oblate, it looks very, very, very, very, very, very, very ROUND.

Size of the Earth Eratosthenes first determined the size of the spherical Earth, 1500 years before Columbus.

Eratosthenes (276 BC – 195 BC) was a Greek mathematician, poet, athlete, geographer, astronomer, music theorist and Mario Cart champion.

Eratosthenes was the first person to calculate the circumference of the spherical earth. 7.5o 360o ------------ = ---------- 800 km C ABOUT 3% ERROR Pretty good, don’t ya think? Over 1600 years before Columbus.

40,008 KM 40,076 KM About 42 miles difference. POLAR CIRCUMFERENCE EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE 24,887 MILES About 42 miles difference.

Watch the following video explanation

Oblate Spheroid Measurements on earth. Satellite data. Gravimeter readings. Gravity readings show that you weigh more at the North Pole than at the Equator, because the poles are closer to the Earth’s center.