Changing Populations

Infrastructure The basic facilities and services used by a society Public water Supplies Power Plants Transmission Lines Roads Bridges Schools Hospitals

Infrastructure Rapid Population Growth Baton Rouge After Katrina Overwhelms Infrastructure Depletes Resources Baton Rouge After Katrina Standards of Living Decline

American Society of Civil Engineers Report Card for America’s Infrastructure

Gross Domestic Product Europe 5% China 9% United States 2.4%

Drinking Water 53,000 Public water Systems Total Investment Needed Water Usage 1950 - 2000 1950 2000 % Change Population (Millions) 93.4 242 159% Usage (Billions of Gallons per Day) 14 43 207% Per Capita Usage (Gallons per Person per Day) 149 179 20% 53,000 Public water Systems Total Investment Needed $255,000,000,000 $146,000,000,000 Invested $109,000,000,000 Shortfall

Drinking Water Grade D

Dams Total Investment Needed $12,500,000,000 $5,000,000,000 Invested $7,500,000,000 Shortfall

Dams Grade D

Bridges 26% Structurally Deficient or Obsolete 50 year Lifespan 150,000+ SD or O 50 year Lifespan Ave. Age: 43 Years Total Investment Needed $930,000,000,000 $380,000,000,000 Invested $550,000,000,000 Shortfall

Bridges Grade C

How are we doing with everything else? Aviation – D Energy – D+ Hazardous Waste – D Levees – D- Schools – D Waste Water – D- How far behind are we? $2,200,000,000,000

Standard of Living The level of material comfort enjoyed by a person, group or society Our high standard of living is dependant on a modern and working infrastructure.

Three factors that affect Standard of Living Fuel Darfur Western Sudan (northern Africa) Janjaweed Work for government 300,000 Killed 1,000,000 Refugees Fuel for cooking Women must travel miles from camp Raped and murdered by Janjaweed

Three factors that affect Standard of Living Water 1,000,000,000 people lack access to safe drinking water 2,600,000,000 people lack access to basic sanitation 1,800,000 people die from diarrheal disease Most are children

Three factors that affect Standard of Living Land Arable Land – Land which can be used to grow crops More people = More competition Food comes from further away Urbanization – The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas Stress on infrastructure

4th World Countries Least Developed Nations Low Income Less than $750 per capita annual

4th World Countries Least Developed Nations Low Income Weak Human asset Index Nutrition Health Adult Literacy Education

4th World Countries Least Developed Nations Low Income Weak Human asset Index Economic Vulnerability Index Unstable Agricultural Production Weak Exports Little or No Manufacturing Displacement by War or Natural Disasters

4th World Countries Least Developed Nations Low Income Weak Human asset Index Economic Vulnerability Index