How to name organic compounds Class Structure Example Structural General Alkanes   C-C Ethane CnH2n+2 Alkenes C=C Ethene CnH2n Arenes Benzene N/A Alcohols -OH Ethanol CnH2n+1OH Halogenoalkanes -X (Cl, Br, F, I) Chloromethane How to name organic compounds There are a list of rules which you must follow when attempting to name organic compounds. These are as follows:- 1) Number of carbon atoms in longest chain provides the stem of name 2) Branched-chain alkanes are named in similar way. Stem names are used with the suffix –yl e.g. CH3 would be methyl 3) Each side chain must be included in the name. If there are several identical side-chains, the name is prefixed by di-, tri- etc. 4) Where different alkyl groups are present, they are placed in alphabetical order as in 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane

How to name organic compounds 5) Compounds containing a ring of carbon atoms are prefixed by cyclo-. Cyclohexane is represented as: Displayed formula Skeletal formula 6) Hydrocarbons may contain alkene or arene groups. These are represented as follows: Position of double bond is given by number of carbon it is attached to.

How to name organic compounds 7) The simplest arene is benzene. When one alkyl group is attached to a benzene ring, a number is not needed. Two or more will require a number. CH3 methylbenzene H3C CH3 1,4-dimethylbenzene 8) Halogeno compounds are named in the same way as alkyl-substituted alkanes or arenes e.g. 2-bromobutane 9) Alpihatic alcohols and ketones are named in a similar way to alkenes e.g. propan-1-ol, pentan-3-one

How to name organic compounds 10) Aliphatic aldehydes and carboxylic acid groups are at the end of a chain, so they do not need a number. 11) Amines are named using the alkyl- or aryl- prefix followed by –amine. Hence CH3CH2NH2 is ethylamine Question: Represent the compound 2-chloro-2-methylpropane by means of the following types of formulae: displayed, b) structural, c) skeletal, d) molecular, e) three-dimensional

How to name organic compounds CH3C(CH3)ClCH3 C4H9Cl

How to name organic compounds Name the following compounds: E A CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 B F C D G

How to name organic compounds Draw structural formuale for the following compounds: (i) propanal; (ii) propan-2-ol; (iii) 2-methylpentan-3-one; (iv) propylamine Draw displayed formulae for the following compunds: 2,2,3-trimethylbutane; (b) cyclobutane; (c) 3-ethylpent-2-ene; (d) ethylbenzene