HAPPY MONDAY  Bellwork: Number a piece of paper 1 – 20.

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HAPPY MONDAY  Bellwork: Number a piece of paper 1 – 20. Title it Cell Cycle and Central Dogma Quiz. Study the Cell Cycle and Central Dogma. On Bellwork sheet write “Study for Quiz”.

Transcription and Translation in plain English Transcription and Translation Cell View

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS analogy … PROTEIN SYNTHESIS analogy …. DNA = master copy of building plans RNA= blueprint for one room of building Protein= actual bricks that make up the building Nucleus = boss’ office Ribosome = assembly line (where the bricks are laid and a wall is built)

Proteins are assembled on a ribosome The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain is known as translation. Proteins are assembled on a ribosome OUTSIDE of the nucleus (in the cytoplasm)

Steps of Translation (Overview) mRNA travels to the ribosome Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the right amino acid to the ribosome A polypeptide (protein) is formed

How does tRNA “know” what amino acid to bring?

The genetic code (mRNA) is read three bases at a time The genetic code (mRNA) is read three bases at a time. Each three-letter “word” is known as a codon. tRNA “looks” for the codon that pairs with its 3 nucleotide sequence (called an anticodon). When it connects the ribosome attaches the amino acid that tRNA was carrying to the polypeptide chain

ORDER MATTERS! Order of DNA bases  order of RNA bases  order of amino acids  what protein is made tRNA Amino acid mRNA

How to use the Codon Chart: Use the left side to find the first letter in the codon Use the top to find the second letter in the codon Use the right side to find the third letter of the codon Go to where ALL three overlap on the chart

How to use the Codon Wheel: Begin in the middle with the first letter of the codon Go outward to the second letter in the codon Go outward again to the third letter in the codon.

Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis.

What codon will tell the ribosome to quit putting amino acids together What codon will tell the ribosome to quit putting amino acids together? What letters code for this?

Codon Bingo! Directions For Playing: If a codon (example: AAG) is called out, you must find the amino acid. If an amino acid (example: serine) is called out, you must find the codon. Hint! When finding a codon, there may be more than one answer…you can count all possible answers on your card!