Chapter 3 “Food and Digestion”

Section 2.1 Food and Energy

Section 2.1 Food and Energy

Section 2.1 Food and Energy

Section 2.1 Food and Energy

Section 2.1 Food and Energy

Section 2.1 Food and Energy Homework: READ pp. 60-65

Section 2.2 Healthy Eating

Section 2.3 The Digestive Process Begins Functions of the Digestive System 1.) It breaks down food into molecules the body can use 2.) The molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body. 3.) Wastes are eliminated from the body Digestion is the process which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules. Absorption is the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood. Materials that are not absorbed, such as fiber, are eliminated from the body as wastes. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.

Section 2.3 The Digestive Process Begins Mouth: both mechanical and chemical digestion begin in the mouth. Tongue, teeth, & saliva from the salivary glands change food into soft mass called bolus. Esophagus: muscular tube moves food to stomach using peristalsis (muscle contractions) – mechanical digestion. The esophagus is sealed off by a flap of tissue called the epiglottis as you swallow to prevent food from entering the windpipe. Stomach: a muscular sac that turn food into a thin, watery liquid called chyme. Mechanical digestion by peristalsis/Chemical digestion by digestive juices/enzymes.

2.3 The Digestive Process Begins Homework: READ pp. 68-71

Bill Nye - Digestion https://www.schooltube.com/video/de35fb888751492591a0/Bill%20Nye%20Digestion 23 Minutes

Section 2.4 Final Digestion and Absorption Small Intestine: long tube (small diameter) that functions in chemical digestion and nutrient absorption. Lined with villi: finger-like projections. Each villus is composed of cells that have microvilli. Cells transport nutrients to the bloodstream through capillary beds to be distributed to the body cell. Pancreas, liver, and Gallbladder all help the small intestine with chemical digestion. Large Intestine: absorbs water from undigested chyme. Chyme can be in L.I. as long as three days. Rectum & Anus: rectum stores solid waste (feces) until it is released from the body through the anus.

Section 2.4 Final Digestion and Absorption Brainpop https://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/digestivesystem/

Section 2.4 Final Digestion and Absorption

Section 2.4 Final Digestion and Absorption Human GI Tract https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1aZj6v6dxc&feature=share

Section 2.4 Final Digestion and Absorption “As the Stomach Churns” LAB (2 Days)

Chapter 2 – Study Guide/Review Answers 1.) C 2.) D 3.) D 4.) C 5.) A 6.) complete 7.) Minerals 8.) true 9.) Peristalsis 10.) small 12.) Fiber helps keep the digestive system functioning properly. 14.) The epiglottis is located in the back of your mouth and seals off your windpipe When you swallow to prevent food from entering. 15.) It pushes food and undigested material through the Digestive system. 16.) The pancreas produces enzyes that flow into the small Intestine and help break down starches, proteins, and fats.

Chapter 2 – Study Guide/Review Answers 17.) Villi absorb nutrient molecules. They cover the surface of the small intestine. 24.) Milk, yogurt, and cheese group; 2 to 3 servings Standardized Test Prep 1.) D 2.) G 3.) B 4.) F 5.) B 6.) mechanical digestion causes a physical change as the pieces Of food are broken down into smaller blocks with the help of Enzymes. The processes are similar in that they break down food into smaller pieces or components. The processes are different in that mechanical digestions does not involve chemical reactions that use enzymes. Mechanical digestion occurs in the mouth and stomach. Chemical digestion occurs in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine.