What types of bonds are shown here?:

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Presentation transcript:

What types of bonds are shown here?:

These are covalent bonds These atoms now share an electron pair

What are these functional groups: -COOH -OH -NH2 -SH -PO4

-COOH Carboxyl -OH Hydroxyl -NH2 Amino -SH Sulfhydryl -PO4 Phosphate

What is an isotope?

What are isotopes? Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass Example would be 14C and 12C

What type of macromolecule has the general chemical formula (CH2O)n?

Carbohydrates have the general formula (CH2O)n

What type of macromolecule is made of amino acids?

What type of macromolecule is made of amino acids? Proteins or Polypeptides

What is hydrolysis?

What is hydrolysis? The addition of water that breaks a large macromolecule into two smaller molecules

What type of molecule is depicted below:

This is a phospholipid

What is a nucleotide?

What is a nucleotide? It is the building block for a nucleic acid It contains a pentose (5 carbon sugar), a nitrogen-containing base (A,C,G,T, or U) and one to three phosphate groups An example would be ATP, the energy currency of the cell

What is an isomer?

What is an isomer? Same chemical formula, different structural formula Examples include: glucose and fructose L and D amino acids

Identify the parts of the enzyme shown below:

Holoenzyme: Apoenzyme + Cofactor

What type of inhibitors are shown in b and c?

Competitive inhibitors compete for the active site Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site

In this reaction, what happens to molecule A and molecule B?

Redox Reaction A is oxidized (gave up hydrogen) B is reduced (gained hydrogen)

Which class of enzymes requires ATP?

Which class of enzymes requires ATP? Ligases, used in synthesis reactions

What do hydrolases do?

What do hydrolases do? Participate in hydrolysis reactions Split molecules by adding water

What class of enzymes split molecules without adding water?

What class of enzymes split molecules without adding water? Lyases

What class of enzyme would convert glucose to fructose?

What class of enzyme would convert glucose to fructose? An isomerase