Key Ch. 4 Vocabulary

The constitutional and other legal protections against government actions which are set down in the Bill of Rights. Civil Liberties

Incorporation Doctrine The legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of it applicable to the states through the 14th Amendment. Which SCOTUS case was the first to apply the Bill of Rights to the states? Incorporation Doctrine

Communication in the form of advertising which can be restricted more than other types of speech. Commercial Speech

Non-Verbal speech such as burning a flag (1989 Texas v Non-Verbal speech such as burning a flag (1989 Texas v. Johnson) or wearing an armband (1969 Tinker v. Des Moines). The Supreme Court has ruled that such speech is protected by the 1st Amendment. Symbolic Speech

Which Landmark SCOTUS Case ruled that the Bill of Rights did not apply to the states? Barron vs. Baltimore, 1833

Government actions that prevent material from being published Government actions that prevent material from being published. It is usually prohibited by the 1st Amendment as confirmed by Near v. Minnesota, 1931. Prior Restraint

4th Amendment, Mapp vs. Ohio, 1961 Which Amendment addresses the Exclusionary Rule? Which Supreme Court Case incorporated it to the states? 4th Amendment, Mapp vs. Ohio, 1961

Which Landmark SCOTUS Case involved the Establishment Clause and eliminated school prayer? Engle vs. Vitale, 1962

The right to a personal life free from the intrusion of government The right to a personal life free from the intrusion of government. It is not in the Constitution, but the 9th Amendment allows people to claim these rights. Right to Privacy

Being a witness against yourself Being a witness against yourself. The 5th Amendment prohibits involuntary self-incrimination. Self-Incrimination

Equal Protection Clause Part of the 14th Amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide “equivalent protection” to all people. Equal Protection Clause

Reasonable grounds for believing that a person is guilty of a crime Reasonable grounds for believing that a person is guilty of a crime. In order to make an arrest, a police office must have this. Probable Cause