Hormone controlled monthly cycle in the female
Menstrual cycle
Haploid sex cells formed in the male reproductive organs
sperm
A developing baby after the first two months of pregnancy until birth
fetus
Male organ that produces sperm and testosterone
testes
Mixture of sperm and a fluid that help sperm move and supplies them with an energy source
semen
Thin, liquid-filled protective membrane that forms around the embryo
Amniotic sac
Chemical produced by the endocrine system; released directly into the bloodstream by ductless glands
hormones
Hollow, muscular organ where a fertilized egg develops into a baby
embryo
Fertilized egg that has attached to the wall of the uterus
embryo
Monthly process in which an egg is released from an ovary and enters the oviduct where it can become fertilized by sperm
ovulation
Muscular tube that connects the lower end of the uterus to the outside of the body; the birth canal through which a baby travels when being born
vagina
Period of development; usually last 38-40 weeks in humans from fertilized egg until birth
pregnancy
Female reproductive organ that produces eggs and is located in the lower part of the body
ovary
Monthly flow of blood and tissue cells that occurs when the lining of the uterus breaks down and is shed
menstruation
As males mature sexually, what begins to produce sperm?
testes
A mixture of sperm and seminal vesicle fluids
semen
What system releases hormones into the bloodstream?
endocrine
During the first two months of development, the unborn child is known as the _____.
embryo
During the last seven months of pregnancy, the unborn child is known as the _______.
fetus
A fertilized egg is known as a ___________.
zygote
What is also called the birth canal?
vagina
Where does the fertilized egg develop?
uterus
What gland controls your body’s metabolism?
thyroid
What gland regulates growth?
pituitary
The negative-feedback system of the endocrine system works much like a __________ in your home.
thermostat
How often does a female release an egg?
Once a month
What is the process of egg release called _______.
ovulation
What happens inside the uterus as an egg matures in the ovary?
The lining of the uterus thickens for the fertilized egg.
If an egg isn’t fertilized, what happens to the egg and to the lining of the uterus?
The egg is dissolved and the lining of the uterus is shed.
How long does menstruation (not the entire cycle) last?
5-7 days
Why are testes located on the outside of the body?
To keep sperm at a cooler temperature
What happens during menopause?
Females do not ovulate
What age does menopause usually occur?
45
What is another name for a chemical messenger?
hormone
What are the two parts of the sperm?
Head and tail